Several factors have prompted the reevaluation of control recommendations for key pests of grapes in recent years. First, the costs of insecticides and their application have risen substantially. Growers who improve the efficiency of their use of pesticides can realize significant savings in production costs. Second, grape processors have responded to consumer desires to minimize pesticide residues in food by promoting judicious use of pesticides. Finally, increased governmental restrictions regarding what pesticides can be used in vineyards and how they may be used may increase the overall difficulty that growers encounter when using pesticides. The result of these factors is that while producers and processors continue to require control of economically-damaging pests, this now must be achieved with the least amount of pesticide possible. The Grape Berry Moth Risk Assessment Program was developed to address these concerns. In this publication we describe how Risk Assessment can be used to maintain acceptable control of grape berry moth and the Eastern grape leafhopper while minimizing use of insecticides.