Herd Health and Nutrition Conferences
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Item Current Concepts in HypocalcemiaMcArt, Jessica (2019-04-09)We will review calcium physiology in the periparturient period of dairy cows and discuss the incidence of clinical and subclinical hypocalcemia. We will then discuss classification of persistent subclinical hypocalcemia and the health and production consequences associated with this pervasive disorder.Item Livestock and Climate Change: Fact or FictionMitloehner, Frank (2019-04-09)Growing global demands for dairy products could strongly increase environmental pressures. Knowledge exists to improve efficiencies in dairy production and lessons can be learned from modern production successes that can reduce the environmental footprint of a dairy. Sustainable intensification is called for, where technology transfers from developed to developing countries occur along with knowledge of efficiency improvements. The goal is to supply a growing demand for dairy products using sustainable and modern production practices without depleting the world’s natural resources.Item Nutrition and Reproduction in Transition CowsButler, Ron (2019-04-09)The transition from late pregnancy to the onset of lactation is the most challenging period in the life of a dairy cow – metabolically, health-wise, and nutritionally. The interaction of these factors sets the tone for each cows’ milk production and reproductive success during lactation. The presentation will explore how the interaction of feed intake, energy metabolism and health status during the transition period can exert carry-over effects on reproductive performance of cows.Item Circadian Rhythms and Feed ManagementHarvatine, Kevin (2019-04-09)Dairy cows have a daily pattern of feed intake the has a large impact on the rumen. Total mixed rations do not solve this problem, but managing feeding and milking times allows us to improve stability of the rumen.Item Higher Forage Feeding Survey ResultsChase, Larry (2017-04-12)This information was presented the 2017 Herd Health and Nutrition Conference, organized by the PRO-DAIRY Program in the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences at Cornell University. Softcover copies of the entire conference proceedings may be purchased at http:// ansci.cals.cornell.edu/dairy-management/ or by calling (607) 255-4478.Item Forage Management: Low Lignin Alfalfa and Leaf Loss at HarvestUndersander, Dan (2017-04-12)This information was presented the 2017 Herd Health and Nutrition Conference, organized by the PRO-DAIRY Program in the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences at Cornell University. Softcover copies of the entire conference proceedings may be purchased at http:// ansci.cals.cornell.edu/dairy-management/ or by calling (607) 255-4478.Item Recommendations for Trace Minerals for Dairy CowsWeiss, William P. (2017-04-12)This information was presented the 2017 Herd Health and Nutrition Conference, organized by the PRO-DAIRY Program in the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences at Cornell University. Softcover copies of the entire conference proceedings may be purchased at http:// ansci.cals.cornell.edu/dairy-management/ or by calling (607) 255-4478.Item Feeding for High Milk ComponentsOverton, Tom (2017-04-12)This information was presented the 2017 Herd Health and Nutrition Conference, organized by the PRO-DAIRY Program in the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences at Cornell University. Softcover copies of the entire conference proceedings may be purchased at http:// ansci.cals.cornell.edu/dairy-management/ or by calling (607) 255-4478.Item Feeding the Robotic Milking HerdRodenburg, Jack (2017-04-12)This information was presented the 2017 Herd Health and Nutrition Conference, organized by the PRO-DAIRY Program in the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences at Cornell University. Softcover copies of the entire conference proceedings may be purchased at http:// ansci.cals.cornell.edu/dairy-management/ or by calling (607) 255-4478.Item Politics, Policy, Profit and People: How They Help and Hinder Animal WelfareWalker, Jennifer (2016-04-13)This information was presented the 2016 Herd Health and Nutrition Conference, organized by the PRO-DAIRY Program in the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences at Cornell University. Softcover copies of the entire conference proceedings may be purchased at http:// ansci.cornell.edu/dm/ or by calling (607) 255-4478.Item Preserving the Quality of Silage through Improved Aerobic StabilityKung, Limin Jr. (2016-04-13)This information was presented the 2016 Herd Health and Nutrition Conference, organized by the PRO-DAIRY Program in the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences at Cornell University. Softcover copies of the entire conference proceedings may be purchased at http:// ansci.cornell.edu/dm/ or by calling (607) 255-4478.Item Inflammation, Immune Function, and the Transition CowBradford, Barry (2016-04-13)This information was presented the 2016 Herd Health and Nutrition Conference, organized by the PRO-DAIRY Program in the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences at Cornell University. Softcover copies of the entire conference proceedings may be purchased at http:// ansci.cornell.edu/dm/ or by calling (607) 255-4478.Item New and Alternative Forages for Modern Dairy Rations in the NortheastBosworth, Sid (2016-04-13)This information was presented the 2016 Herd Health and Nutrition Conference, organized by the PRO-DAIRY Program in the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences at Cornell University. Softcover copies of the entire conference proceedings may be purchased at http:// ansci.cornell.edu/dm/ or by calling (607) 255-4478.Item NDF Digestibility and uNDF: What does this mean and how can we apply it to make better decisionsVan Amburgh, Mike; Grant, Rick; Cotanch, Kurt; Zontini, Alessandro; Ross, Debbie; Foskolos, Andreas (2015-03-18)Item NDF - Making Something Old, New AgainVan Amburgh, M.E.; Grant, R.J.; Cotanch, K.W.; Zontini, A.; Ross, D.A.; Foskolos, A. (2015-03-17)Fiber digestibility and indigestibility are critical factors when assessing forage quality and formulating diets. Digestion characteristics of NDF influence feeding and rumination behavior, rate of particle breakdown, ruminal turnover and fill, dry matter intake, and overall efficiency of milk component output. Traditionally, nutritionists have focused on measures of NDF digestibility at specific timepoints and assumed that NDF was a relatively homogenous fraction. However, recently the focus has included indigestible fiber as well because of the recognition of its importance establishing the digestible portion or pool of NDF which leads to the extent of digestion and influences the rate(s) of fiber fermentation in the rumen. For purposes of nutritional modeling, indigestible NDF is required as the end point for fermentation to allow accurate estimation of the potentially digestible NDF fraction and its rate(s) of digestion. Measuring true NDF indigestibility would require infinite time, especially in aerobic systems, so in the actual rumen of a dairy cow or in an artificial rumen system, true indigestibility is never achieved. The standard nomenclature throughout the literature is “indigestible NDF (iNDF)” (Mertens, 1993; Huhtanen et al., 2006); however, to improve the accuracy of the standard terminology used to describe fiber fermentation dynamics, Mertens (2013) coined the term “undigested NDF (uNDF)” as the laboratory measure (typically in vitro or in situ) of indigestible NDF at a specified fermentation time. You will see both terms used, and for the most part, they are interchangeable as long as you know the method and time point used to determine the NDF digestion endpoint. However, moving forward, we will standardize our terminology to uNDF. To achieve iNDF requires estimations out to infinite time and that estimated residue might not be consistent with the interactive behavior of the forage and feed with rumen function.Item Heat Stress: What's the Gut Got To Do With It?Sanz-Fernandez, M.V.; Stoakes, S.K.; Johnson, J.S.; Abuajamieh, M.; Seibert, J.T.; Pearce, S.C.; Gabler, N.K.; Rhoads, R.P.; Baumgard, L.H. (2015-03-17)Heat stress (HS) is a global problem which jeopardizes animal welfare, profitability, and global food security. Indirect effects of HS such as reduced feed intake contribute to, but do not fully explain, decreased productivity. Heat stressed animals initiate metabolic changes that do not reflect their plane of nutrition. This indicates that HS directly effects metabolism and productivity independent of reduced feed intake. In a variety of species, environmental hyperthermia compromises the intestinal barrier function resulting in increased permeability to luminal content including bacteria and bacterial components. Presumably, heat stress causes leaky gut in ruminants as well. The leakage of luminal content into the portal and ultimately the systemic circulation elicits an inflammatory response that may facilitate the detrimental effects of HS on animal agriculture. Identifying flexible management strategies (i.e. nutritional supplementation) to immediately decrease HS susceptibility without negatively influencing production traits would be of great value to global animal agriculture.Item The Metabolism and Productive Responses to Heat Stress: Potential Nutritional Strategies (Powerpoint slides)Baumgard, Lance; Rhoads, Rob (2015-03-17)Item Fatty Acid Nutrition and Milk Fat Depression (Powerpoint Slides)Kevin Harvatine (2015-03-17)Item Fatty Acid Nutrition and Milk Fat DepressionHarvatine, K.J. (2015-03-17)Milk fat concentration is variable and very responsive to many factors including genetics, season of the year, and physiological state, but is especially responsive to diet. Synthesis of milk fat is an energy demanding process, but also represents a significant portion of the economic and nutritional value of dairy products. First described over one and a half centuries ago, diet-induced milk fat depression (MFD) is characterized by a decrease in milk fat yield of up to 50% with no change in milk yield or yield of other milk components. MFD is classically observed in ruminants fed highly fermentable diets or diets high in plant oils. Varying levels of MFD are commonly experienced today in both intensively and extensively managed dairy herds, and this represents a level of milk fat production below the genetic potential of the cow. MFD is also a useful variable for evaluating herd management; in many cases onset of diet-induced MFD is an indication of modified ruminal fermentation and in more pronounced cases this can be associated with ruminal acidosis and reduced efficiency. Therefore, maintaining optimal milk fat synthesis has value beyond the milk fat sold. Although we know extensively the cause of MFD we continue to experience MFD because of the high-energy requirements of cows and the desire to maintain optimal milk production. Numerous dietary factors commonly interact to cause MFD making prediction difficult. Recently we have investigated the time course of induction and recovery of MFD that provides insight into identifying causative factors and setting expectations for correction of MFD.Item Starch Availability, Measurement and Implications for Ration FormulationAllen, M.S. (2015-03-17)Concentration and ruminal digestibility of starch in rations of lactating cows has important effects on productivity. Starch is more digestible and less filling than forage fiber and provides more glucose precursors than fiber from any source. Ruminal fermentability of starch is affected by grain and endosperm type, processing and conservation method, and diet and animal factors, and affects production of fermentation acids and microbial protein in the rumen. Excessive ruminal fermentability can decrease fiber digestibility, efficiency of microbial protein production, and alter ruminal biohydrogenation, decreasing synthesis of milk fat and increasing energy partitioned to body condition at the expense of milk. The concentration and ruminal fermentability of starch affects feed intake, and energy partitioning of cows differently as they progress through lactation. High-producing cows in early to mid-lactation thrive on high-starch rations with highly fermentable starch sources while starch concentration and fermentability should decrease as lactation progresses to maintain yield of milk fat and prevent excessive body condition. Highly fermentable starch sources should be limited in rations for the first two weeks following parturition to avoid further depression in feed intake, and decrease risk of ruminal acidosis and displaced abomasum. Grouping cows by physiological state (fresh, early to mid, maintenance) is required to formulate diets for starch to optimize health and production.