Data From: The Earthquake Arrest Zone
Loading...
No Access Until
Permanent Link(s)
Other Titles
Abstract
These data are from Laboratory Earthquake Experiments from the Cornell 3 m apparatus in support of the following research: Loading a 3-meter granite slab containing a saw-cut simulated fault, we generated slip events that spontaneously nucleate, propagate, and arrest before reaching the ends of the sample. These rupture events have a slip distribution that varies along the fault and make them more similar to natural earthquakes than standard stick-slip events that rupture the entire sample. We propose an analytical crack model that fits our measurements. Similar to natural earthquakes, laboratory measurements show coseismic slip that gradually tapers near the rupture tips. Measured stress changes show roughly constant stress drop in the center of the ruptured region, a maximum stress increase near the rupture tips, and a smooth transition in between, in a region we describe as the earthquake arrest zone. The proposed model generalizes the widely used elliptical crack model by adding gradually tapered slip at the ends of the rupture. Different from the cohesive zone described by fracture mechanics, we propose that the transition in stress changes and the corresponding linear taper observed in the earthquake arrest zone are the result of rupture termination conditions primarily controlled by the initial stress distribution. It is the heterogeneous initial stress distribution that controls the arrest of laboratory earthquakes, and the features of static stress changes. We also performed dynamic rupture simulations that confirm how arrest conditions can affect slip taper and static stress changes. If applicable to larger natural earthquakes, this distinction between an earthquake arrest zone (that depends on stress conditions) and a cohesive zone (that depends primarily on strength evolution) has important implications for how seismic observations of earthquake fracture energy should be interpreted.
Journal / Series
Volume & Issue
Description
Please note the zipped data file is approximately 1.7GB in size and may take a long time to download.
Sponsorship
This work was sponsored by USGS Earthquake hazards grant G18AP00010 and National Science Foundation grants EAR-1645163, EAR-1763499, and EAR-1847139.
Date Issued
2020-12-16
Publisher
Keywords
analytical crack model; crack tip; earthquake termination
Location
Effective Date
Expiration Date
Sector
Employer
Union
Union Local
NAICS
Number of Workers
Committee Chair
Committee Co-Chair
Committee Member
Degree Discipline
Degree Name
Degree Level
Related Version
Related DOI
Related To
Related Part
Based on Related Item
Has Other Format(s)
Part of Related Item
Related To
Related Publication(s)
Chun-Yu Ke, Gregory C McLaskey, David S Kammer, The earthquake arrest zone, Geophysical Journal International, Volume 224, Issue 1, January 2021, Pages 581–589. https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggaa386
Link(s) to Related Publication(s)
https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggaa386
References
Link(s) to Reference(s)
Previously Published As
Government Document
ISBN
ISMN
ISSN
Other Identifiers
Rights
CC0 1.0 Universal
Types
dataset