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Breaking patterns of environmentally influenced disease for health risk reduction: immune perspectives

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dc.contributor.authorDietert, Rodney R.
dc.contributor.authorDeWitt, Jamie C.
dc.contributor.authorGermolec, Dori R.
dc.contributor.authorZelikoff, Judith T.
dc.date.accessioned2011-10-20T20:28:33Z
dc.date.available2011-10-20T20:28:33Z
dc.date.issued2010-08
dc.description.abstractBACKGROUND: Diseases rarely, if ever, occur in isolation. Instead, most represent part of a more complex web or "pattern" of conditions that are connected via underlying biological mechanisms and processes, emerge across a lifetime, and have been identified with the aid of large medical databases. OBJECTIVE: We have described how an understanding of patterns of disease may be used to develop new strategies for reducing the prevalence and risk of major immune-based illnesses and diseases influenced by environmental stimuli. FINDINGS: Examples of recently defined patterns of diseases that begin in childhood include not only metabolic syndrome, with its characteristics of inflammatory dysregulation, but also allergic, autoimmune, recurrent infection, and other inflammatory patterns of disease. The recent identification of major immune-based disease patterns beginning in childhood suggests that the immune system may play an even more important role in determining health status and health care needs across a lifetime than was previously understood. CONCLUSIONS: Focusing on patterns of disease, as opposed to individual conditions, offers two important venues for environmental health risk reduction. First, prevention of developmental immunotoxicity and pediatric immune dysfunction can be used to act against multiple diseases. Second, pattern-based treatment of entryway diseases can be tailored with the aim of disrupting the entire disease pattern and reducing the risk of later-life illnesses connected to underlying immune dysfunction. Disease-pattern-based evaluation, prevention, and treatment will require a change from the current approach for both immune safety testing and pediatric disease management.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipN.I.H. Research Supporten_US
dc.identifier.citationEnvironmental Health Perspectives. 2010 Aug;118(8):1091-9.en_US
dc.identifier.issn0091-6765
dc.identifier.otherdoi: 10.1289/ehp.1001971
dc.identifier.otherPMCID: PMC2920092
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/1813/24421
dc.publisherU.S. National Institute of Environmental Health Sciencesen_US
dc.relation.hasversionDietert RR, DeWitt JC, Germolec DR, Zelikoff JT. Breaking patterns of environmentally influenced disease for health risk reduction: immune perspectives. Environmental Health Perspectives. 2010 Aug;118(8):1091-9. doi: 10.1289/ehp.1001971, http://ehp03.niehs.nih.gov/article/info:doi/10.1289/ehp.1001971.
dc.subjectEnvironmental Exposure--prevention & control
dc.subjectEnvironmental Pollutants--toxicity
dc.subjectImmune System Diseases--complications
dc.subjectMetabolic Diseases--immunology
dc.titleBreaking patterns of environmentally influenced disease for health risk reduction: immune perspectivesen_US
dc.typearticleen_US

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