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National Values and Tipping Customs: A replication and extension of Lynn, Zinkhan and Harris (1993)

Author
Lynn, Michael; Lynn, Ann
Abstract
This study examined the relationships between national values, as measured by Hofstede (1983) and Schwartz (1994), and the customary size of restaurant tips in a sample of 54 nations. The results of this study indicate that the customary sizes of restaurant tips in the absence of service charges are unrelated to the customary sizes of restaurant tips given on top of service charges. They also indicate that the former tip sizes increase with Hofstede's (1983) uncertainty avoidance and masculinity scores, while the latter tip sizes decrease with Schwartz's (1994) hierarchy/egalitarianism and mastery/harmony scores.
Date Issued
2004-01-01Subject
tipping; social norms; national values; service
Related DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1177/1096348003256605Rights
Required Publisher Statement: © SAGE. Final version published as: Lynn, M., & Lynn, A. (2004). National values and tipping customs: A replication and extension. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Research, 28(3), 356-364. Reprinted with permission. All rights reserved.
Type
article