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  4. Can Firms Afford to be Green? - Financial Performance and Corporate Emission Reductions

Can Firms Afford to be Green? - Financial Performance and Corporate Emission Reductions

File(s)
Han_cornell_0058O_12711.pdf (774.21 KB)
Permanent Link(s)
https://doi.org/10.7298/sz9p-e312
https://hdl.handle.net/1813/126264
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Cornell Theses and Dissertations
Author
Han, Heejin
Abstract

This paper examines whether corporate financial performance (CFP) drives greenhouse gas emission reductions using a panel of firm-year observations from 2010 to 2024 and two-way fixed effects regressions across five CFP measures and three emission scopes. Accounting-based measures are negatively associated with contemporaneous emission changes, consistent with slack resource theory, though effects dissipate over longer horizons. Cash flow margin is the most robust predictor across specifications and macroeconomic conditions. Tobin's Q exhibits a contrasting pattern: positively associated with absolute emissions yet negatively associated with emission intensity, pointing to a scale-versus-efficiency distinction. Combined with prior evidence that environmental performance improves financial outcomes, the results point to a reinforcing cycle in which financial strength enables emission reductions, which in turn strengthens financial performance, suggesting that relaxing financial constraints may allow more firms to enter and sustain this dynamic.

Description
65 pages
Date Issued
2026-05
Committee Chair
Olmstead, Sheila
Committee Member
Yin, Mingye
Degree Discipline
Applied Economics and Management
Degree Name
M.S., Applied Economics and Management
Degree Level
Master of Science
Type
dissertation or thesis

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