Rapidly increasing atmospheric abundance of CO2 and other GHGs leading to an increase in mean global temperature of 1 to 4°C by the end of the 21st century necessitates identification and use of relevant adaptation strategies. Depending on land use and management, sustainable agricultural ecosystems can be an important part of the solution to ACC and other environmental issues. Appropriate species, rotation cycles, and soil- and water-management options must be carefully assessed. Sustainable soil-management options include conservation tillage with residue management, integrated nutrient management, and restoration of degraded soils