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  4. T CELL ACTIVATION IN INFLAMED TISSUES: TH1 CELLS COOPERATE WITH MONOCYTES TO FORM CXCL10+ ACTIVATION NICHES

T CELL ACTIVATION IN INFLAMED TISSUES: TH1 CELLS COOPERATE WITH MONOCYTES TO FORM CXCL10+ ACTIVATION NICHES

File(s)
McGurk_cornellgrad_0058F_15397.pdf (8.69 MB)
Permanent Link(s)
https://doi.org/10.7298/nvfr-zr14
https://hdl.handle.net/1813/121091
Collections
Cornell Theses and Dissertations
Author
McGurk, Alexander
Abstract

The activation of T cell in secondary lymphoid organs in a well-studied phenomenon. How these activated T cells go on to reencounter cognate antigen presenting cells at sites of infection and inflammation is less well understood, however. T cell activation at these locations, such as in tumors, is critical for controlling and clearing disease. CXCR3-CXCL10 signaling has been shown to position T cells for crucial stimulatory cues in the lymph node and we show here that this signaling axis remains critical in inflamed, non-lymphoid tissues. Following the introduction of type-1 pro-inflammatory stimuli to skin via L.major infection or CFA/OVA immunization immune cells, primarily monocytes and neutrophils, are recruited to and cluster within the inflamed tissue. Monocytes then begin to upregulate CXC10 and MHCII expression to facilitate T cell recruitment to and activation within the local tissue space. We showed that in the absence of monocytes T cells are unable to produce IFN. This initial T cell activation is integral to mounting a potent immune response as their resulting IFN production drives further CXCL10 expression and cell recruitment to ramp up local inflammation. Strikingly, we found that in the absence of CD4 T cells, CXCL10+ monocyte clusters failed to form despite their maintained recruitment to the skin. This indicated to us that T cells play a crucial role in organizing their own activation niches. Further studies revealed that CXCR2 signaling was required for this T cell mediated clustering of monocytes in the skin. Together these studies highlight the importance of monocytes as antigen presenting cells, and a novel role for CD4 T cells to organize myeloid subsets to better facilitate further T cell activation.

Description
196 pages
Date Issued
2025-12
Keywords
Activation
•
Clustering
•
Coordination
•
Monocyte
•
Niche
•
T cell
Committee Chair
Fowell, Deborah
Committee Member
Leifer, Cynthia
Rudd, Brian
Schaffer, Chris
Degree Discipline
Biomedical and Biological Sciences
Degree Name
Ph. D., Biomedical and Biological Sciences
Degree Level
Doctor of Philosophy
Type
dissertation or thesis

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