This issue of Foundation Focus looks at work–life balance and some of the factors that help or hinder workers in combining working with non-working life. Since average working hours have been decreasing steadily, it asks whether work–life balance still matters. How can the Working Time Directive help, and what role do flexible working time policies have? What specific supports are needed by those with care responsibilities for children or adults? Work–life balance is connected to other aspects of life, including the need for high-quality childcare, addressing the gender employment gap and making provision for older workers who cannot continue in full-time work.