A 4-year-old Thoroughbred mare was presented to the Cornell University Hospital for Animals for repair of a rectovaginal fistula which was sustained during parturition in January 2017. A rectovaginal fistula was diagnosed by the referring veterinarian. Over the following month, the rectovaginal fistula margins had contracted resulting in a smaller sized fistula; however, a larger fistula was noted during pregnancy check exam after live cover breeding of the mare in March 2017. Subsequent fecal contamination of the vaginal vault is a risk factor for failure to carry a foal to term due to cervicitis and endometritis associated with bacterial contamination. Additionally, if the mare successfully carries the foal to term, there is added risk for a 3rd degree perineal laceration to occur during foaling; hence a repair was pursued 1 ,Z.J. A direct rectal approach was performed to repair the rectovaginal fistula. This method was preferred due to the smaller size of the fistula, the fistula's more caudal location and this technique is less invasive compared to other described procedures