In order to strategically implement climate mitigation projects, policy-makers need an accurate accounting of the complete climate impacts from biogeochemical and biogeophysical climate forcings. Particularly, the inclusion of land-use driven biogeophysical effects such as albedo are often neglected in carbon accounting that considers both life-cycle analyses and averted emissions. In this thesis we quantify the climate impact of albedo in the context of land-use change for climate mitigation projects such as production of bioenergy and afforestation. We provide a new methodology for measuring local albedo, describe its impact present and future, and examine the net impact of land-use change in the context of albedo. In Chapter 1, we outline a novel technique for measuring surface albedo at varying scales by utilizing a standard unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) quadcopter. We compare summer measurements over a deciduous forest and short-rotation coppiced willow field to standard tower and satellite measurements. We conclude that UAV are an affordable and flexible tool for measuring albedo at the land surface. Chapter 2 quantified the impact of albedo in land-conversion from cropfield to four different biofuel crops. We determined that albedo presented a small to substantial warming impact in all cases. We further examined the effect of anticipated future snow-loss on this forcing, and found that under moderate warming scenarios, snow-loss would be sufficient to reverse the albedo impact for some biofuel conversions within the next 100 years. In Chapter 3 we identified the net impact of three reforestation and two willow biofuel scenarios accounting for albedo and carbon emissions. We concluded that albedo substantially altered net impact, particularly in forest systems.