Reports of fire victims in the human and veterinary fields have shown smoke inhalation to cause both high morbidity and mortality. This report involves a 22 year old Standardbred mare who was presented to the Cornell Large Animal Medicine Service for smoke inhalation within hours after being rescued in a barn fire. The mare was dyspneic and distressed, with evidence of corneal and some superficial burn trauma. Foam was present at her nares and mouth. Bloodwork revealed dehydration and hypoproteinemia, and a respiratory alkalosis consistent with hyperventilation. Treatment was instigated for the assumed hypoxia, burn shock, and pulmonary edema. Within hours, extreme upper airway edema necessitated an emergency tracheostomy. After initial stabilization, treatment involved prevention of pneumonia and bronchodilatory maintenance. A week after presentation, the mare succumbed to severe airway mucosal sloughing causing suffocation and she was euthanized on humane grounds. A necropsy was performed.