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  4. Imaging antiferromagnetic order at the nanoscale using a scanning nitrogen-vacancy-center microscope

Imaging antiferromagnetic order at the nanoscale using a scanning nitrogen-vacancy-center microscope

File(s)
Guo_cornellgrad_0058F_14588.pdf (88.83 MB)
Permanent Link(s)
https://doi.org/10.7298/xa7k-j417
https://hdl.handle.net/1813/116463
Collections
Cornell Theses and Dissertations
Author
Guo, Qiaochu Nicole
Abstract

Electrical switching of N'eel order in an antiferromagnetic (AF) material is desirable as a basis for memory applications. Unlike electrical switching of ferromagnetic order via spin-orbit torques, electrical switching of antiferromagnetic order remains poorly understood. We develop a sensitive, nanoscale scanning magnetic microscope using nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond. The scanning NV-center microscope allows imaging of small magnetic fields from canted AFs and provides insights into their magnetic properties. First, we study the change of the magnetic order of a canted AF, α-Fe2O3, induced by an external magnetic field and electric current. Our results show that the orientation of an in-plane 1-Tesla magnetic field influences the sample's magnetic state even after relaxation in a low field. We find that our sample has an overall in-plane uniaxial anisotropy, in contrast to the 3-fold magneto-crystalline anisotropy suggested in previous work. Our observations from imaging current-induced magnetic order switching indicate that thermo-magnetoelastic effects alone are sufficient to induce magnetic switching in α-Fe2O3, and that spin-orbit torques may not be necessary. Second, we image the electric and magnetic textures of BiFeO3/TbScO3 (BFO/TSO) superlattices using piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM) and scanning NV-center microscopy. We observe spatially correlated electric and magnetic domains in a mixed-phase BFO/TSO superlattice, confirming that the polar and antipolar phases have different magnetization. To understand the magnetic properties of each phase, we image a pure-polar and a pure-antipolar sample, and find that contrary to our expectation, the antipolar sample has noticeable magnetic structures. We also study a TSO/BFO/TSO trilayer and observe a gradual change in magnetic textures consistent with a mixed-to-pure-phase transition close to the edge of the sample, which is potentially a result of local nonuniform strains.

Description
143 pages
Date Issued
2024-08
Keywords
antiferromagnetism
•
magnetic imaging
•
nitrogen vacancy center
Committee Chair
Fuchs, Gregory
Committee Member
Nowack, Katja
Schlom, Darrell
Degree Discipline
Applied Physics
Degree Name
Ph. D., Applied Physics
Degree Level
Doctor of Philosophy
Rights
Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International
Rights URI
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Type
dissertation or thesis
Link(s) to Catalog Record
https://newcatalog.library.cornell.edu/catalog/16611790

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