This cross-cultural study examined the relationship between benevolent sexism and implicit gender bias in academic settings among 174 undergraduate students in China and the United States. Participants completed the Ambivalent Sexism Inventory and a culturally adapted Implicit Association Test. Chinese students reported higher levels of benevolent sexism than U.S. students, and male participants reported higher levels of benevolent sexism compared to females. Contrary to the original hypotheses, benevolent sexism was not significantly associated with implicit gender bias, nor did culture or gender moderate this relationship. These findings suggest a dissociation between explicit sexist attitudes and implicit gender stereotypes. The study underscores the theoretical distinction between consciously endorsed gender ideologies and unconscious gender-based associations, suggesting that interventions aiming to address gender biases in academia should target explicit attitudes and implicit biases separately.

本跨文化研究考察了仁慈性别歧视与学术环境中内隐性别偏见之间的关系。研究对象为来自中国和美国的174名本科生。参与者完成了仁慈性别歧视量表和一项经过文化适应的内隐联想测验。结果显示，中国学生的仁慈性别歧视水平高于美国学生，男性参与者的仁慈性别歧视水平也高于女性。与原假设相反，仁慈性别歧视与内隐性别偏见之间没有显著关联，文化和性别也未显著调节这一关系。研究结果表明，显性性别歧视态度与内隐性别刻板印象之间存在分离现象。本研究强调了有意识认同的性别意识形态与无意识性别联结之间的理论区分，提示在应对学术环境中的性别偏见时，应分别针对显性态度和内隐偏见进行干预。