Evaluating Septic System Inputs into Sodus Bay using Oblique Imagery, Optical Brighteners, and DNA-based tracers.
Sodus Bay is an important Bay in Lake Ontario that has been heavily impacted by nonpoint source pollution. The Bay is considered to be a Class B stressed, priority waterbody according to the NYSDEC. Pollution in it has resulted in eutrophication, algal blooms, and excessive weeds in parts of the watershed (1). These issues have led to several studies which have determined that nutrient contributions from developed parts of the watershed are the source of these water quality issues. Nonpoint source pollution from septic fields are an important contributor of nitrogen and phosphorous to groundwater, shorelines, streams, and lakes (2). It has also been implicated in bays and water bodies associated with Lake Ontario (3). Addressing it with watershed policy has been difficult for two reasons: 1) identifying where leach fields are hydrologically connected to water bodies is difficult to do, and 2) determining the magnitude and residence time of septic field pollutant fluxes within watersheds is difficult. Our lack of knowledge in this issue of hydrologic connectivity greatly restricts the kind of management practices and policies we can employ to prevent nonpoint source pollution from septic systems.