Recurrence of monozygotic twinning after single-embryo transfer with preimplantation genetic testing: a case report
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PURPOSE: To report a case of two monozygotic twin pregnancies after a single frozen blastocyst transfer of embryos that underwent preimplantation genetic testing. METHODS: A 38-year-old woman pursued in vitro fertilization with preimplantation genetic testing for Gaucher's disease. RESULTS: The patient underwent a natural frozen embryo transfer of a single unaffected, euploid blastocyst, which resulted in a nonviable monozygotic monochorionic-diamniotic twin pregnancy. From the same oocyte cohort, she underwent another natural frozen embryo transfer of a single unaffected, euploid blastocyst, again resulting in a nonviable monozygotic monochorionic-diamniotic twin pregnancy. Cytogenetic evaluation of the products of conception from both pregnancies was concordant with the preimplantation genetic testing results of both embryos. CONCLUSION: Recurrence of monozygotic twinning after single-embryo transfer is exceedingly rare. Further clarification is needed regarding the risk factors leading to monozygosity in assisted reproductive technology.