This dissertation consists of three papers, each exploring how shifts in real estate and mortgage markets impact household financial outcomes. The first paper examines the expansion of private equity investment in single family housing markets and its impact on household wealth and entrepreneurship. It finds that while private equity consolidation reduces homeowner credit constraints and boosts small business growth in affected neighborhoods, this growth is limited to tradable industries due to reduced local consumption out of higher rental prices. The second paper investigates the impact of the opioid epidemic on lender behavior, showing it as a demand shock for small banks and a credit risk shock for large banks. It reveals the relative resilience to the epidemic for small banks at the local level, and for large banks at the national level. Furthermore, increased exposure causes large banks significantly raise interest rates, not due to increased borrower default risk but due to heightened information frictions. The third paper examines how the growth of fintech has impacted minority discrimination in the mortgage market. While fintech has generally benefited minority welfare, disparities exist, with Asian and Hispanic borrowers enjoying greater benefits compared to their Black counterparts. These disparities are less due to biases in fintech algorithms and more to how demographics with higher shopping propensities are able to leverage fintech opportunities and reduce borrowing costs.