Optimizing cover crop-based organic rotational no-till corn production: Interactions among cover crops, weed management, crop density, and nitrogen availability
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Cover crop-based organic rotational no-till (CCORNT) systems offer the potential to enhance soil function, reduce external inputs, and increase crop productivity, yet agronomic outcomes are shaped by interactions among cover crop species, weed management, crop density, and nitrogen availability. The first experiment evaluated the effects of cover crops, starter poultry manure, and supplemental inter-row mowing on corn density, weed biomass, grain yield, and profitability. Results indicate that system performance was strongly influenced by environmental conditions that shaped competitive dynamics among cover crop species and the benefits of supplemental weed and nitrogen management. The second experiment expanded this framework by examining gradients of corn seeding rates and nitrogen rates, elucidating relationships and interactions among management practices. Taken together, these studies demonstrate that CCORNT corn production holds considerable potential. However, continued research will be essential to refine management practices and overcome system constraints to support broader adoption.