[Excerpt] There is a growing utilization of technology-based training in the workplace. The 2005 State of the Industry Report published by the American Society for Training and Development (ASTD) revealed that in the average organization, technology-based training accounted for 28.1 percent of all training hours in 2004 (Sugrue and Rivera, 2005). The report also revealed that the utilization of technology-based training has almost doubled since 2002 and is projected to further increase to 32.5 percent in 2005. In this chapter, we examine this trend and explore recent advances in technology-based training. We begin by discussing the environmental factors pushing companies to adopt technology-based training and examine the different technology-based training applications available in the marketplace. We then compare the costs and benefits of technology-based training and identify several factors that can influence its effectiveness. Finally, we conclude the chapter with a few guidelines on how companies can effectively use technology to deliver training and meet their human capital development needs.