THE LOUDNESS OF A HANDCLAP: EFFECT OF GEOMETRY AND ELASTICITY
In this study, we investigated the dependence of the loudness of a handclap on shape and material parameters of hands, along with speed of clapping. Reduced order modeling is employed to represent human hands as artificial moulds with adjustable parameters. We investigated the palm-palm clapping configuration, analyzing two crucial parameters: the cavity volume between palms and the opening between the thumb and index finger in the palm-palm clapping motion. The relationship between the pressure buildup inside the mould’s cavity with clapping velocity and other hand parameters is explored. We used a pressure sensor with a DAQ to measure pressure buildup inside the cavity mould and a high-speed camera to measure velocity of the clap. A theoretical model is developed using principles of mechanics such as constitutive relations, law of acceleration and adiabatic relations to explain this relationship. We observed variations in the value of pressure buildup inside the cavity for a given clapping speed by altering the opening area and cavity volume of the moulds. To validate the theoretical modeling, the shape parameters and material parameters of the theoretical equation are varied. Changing the geometry and the material of the hand-clapping moulds yielded good agreement between the experimental cavity pressure increment and the proposed theoretical prediction as a function of clapping speed. The acoustic pressure of the handclap sound was measured by a microphone placed at a distance from the source. A linear proportionality between the acoustic pressure and the cavity pressure increment was observed. The frequency response of the handclaps was analyzed by treating them as Helmholtz resonators. We studied the wave composition of the sound signal captured by the microphone to observe the frequency response. The frequency of the acoustic sound was estimated by the Helmholtz resonator theory and was compared with the observed frequency response. We successfully interpreted the experimental findings using the theory.