This dissertation asks how the different Christian and Islamic communities of theIberian Peninsula reimagined borders as these, because of the changing political landscape, became less material, less physical, and as the relationships among different groups were thus reconfigured. To do that, this dissertation studies texts from different traditions of the late medieval and early modern period in Iberia, using translation theory as proposed by critics such as Emily Apter, Walter Benjamin, Lawrence Venuti or Faiq Said, among others. In this conceptual armature, between border and translation, I mobilize the idea of failure as an inevitability of the process of translation in order to think about how borders may be reimagined when such failure is taken to mean not only as a defeat, but as a creative opportunity to reshape borders.