This dissertation focused on assessing the impact of in-situ redevelopment policies on women’s health and well-being in a longitudinal evaluation. Given the global urbanization shift, that many income-poor urban migrants are excluded from formal housing markets, and that there is a proliferation of auto-constructed urban poor settlements with multiple housing inadequacies, various housing policies have been implemented to improve living conditions in urban poor settlements. This dissertation examines one such policy that redevelops slum settlements into apartment-style housing blocks at the same site of original settlements. The three studies examine how the changes in living environments from slums to apartment-style redeveloped housing, affect residents’ quality of housing, their physical and mental health, and social life. The first study investigates the assumption that redevelopment policies result in better quality of housing stock in comparison to slum settlements. This study compares housing quality in a settlement pre- and post-redevelopment and finds that housing quality improves in the short-term, post-redevelopment. However, the sustainability of such improvements may be questionable as in the medium-term, the housing quality in redeveloped settlements is found to be rapidly deteriorating. The second study examining physical and mental health of residents finds that slum redevelopment and subsequent housing quality improvements result in improved health in women. Women in slum settlements that did not receive a housing intervention but experience improvements in housing quality, also report improvements in health. Findings from this study provide rigorous evidence for the significant and positive role in housing quality in residents’ physical and mental health conditions. The third study explores the role of built environment in social life of residents in slums and redeveloped settlements. Findings from this study indicate that built form in redeveloped settlements has detrimental consequences for social interactions, social networks, and social support for women. Spatial characteristics in slums such as semi-private spaces, flexibility in use of spaces, and kinship-based space organization are conducive for a vibrant social environment. Disappearance of such spaces has contributed to social disarticulation in redeveloped settlements. In summary, findings from these three studies indicate the intended and unintended consequences of slum redevelopment policies for residents’ health and well-being and can be used to better inform design and policies of such environments.