Feline chronic bronchitis is a fairly common cause for coughing in cats, but its diagnosis is often confounded by the very similar presentation of feline asthma. Although these two disease processes are extremely similar and their diagnosis and treatment overlap significantly, they demonstrate fundamentally distinct etiologies, which presents unique considerations for patient treatment and case management. This case presentation explores both the advantages and limitations of commonly used, as well as advanced, diagnostics to accurately differentiate between the two diseases, and the breadth of treatments currently available for each disease process. Subtleties in each disease etiology will be highlighted, as well as the difficulty of treating and managing such cases in clinical practice.