The following case report describes the presentation and diagnostic evaluation of a 6-year-old spayed female mixed breed dog, with a 1.5-month history of dysuria, that was referred to the Small Animal Oncology Service at Cornell University's College of Veterinary Medicine. The chief complaint of recurrent or persistent stranguria, pollakiuria, and hematuria in the dog, is consistently associated with a relatively defined list of differential diagnoses. Among these differentials is lower urinary tract neoplasia, with transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) being the most common type. Therapeutic modalities for urinary transitional cell carcinoma include surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. Regardless of the treatment modality, the majority of dogs are not cured of transitional cell carcinoma, and survival time is usually limited.