An adult castrated male golden retriever presented with signs of acute onset, progressive, peripheral neuromuscular disease. A complete medical work-up revealed massive thrombosis of the caudal aorta, femoral arteries, and right femoral vein, and a diagnosis of ischemic neuromyopathy was made. Underlying disease included hypercoagulability secondary to protein-losing nephropathy. Canine thromboembolic disease, although relatively uncommon, is associated with a wide range of underlying disorders and clinical presentations. Diagnosis and treatment of patients can be challenging, and clinical decisions may be complicated by limited data regarding efficacy of various therapeutic options. An overview of the etiology of canine thromboembolic disease, available diagnostic methods, and various treatment modalities, including thrombolytic therapies, will be presented.