This thesis presents the findings from a review of prior literature and a study conducted to better understand how AR technology can influence human wayfinding. The first chapter presents a systematic review of 65 literature on the state-of-the-art AR navigational technology and its impact on user experience, wayfinding performance and human navigational cognition. The second chapter reports the findings on NavMarkAR, an AR navigation system we developed using smart- glasses to provide landmark-based navigational guidance to assist in improving older adults’ spatial navigation skills. An initial usability test was conducted with 6 participants, followed by design refinement of the prototype and then a more in-depth study with 32 participants, who were asked to use the system while completing navigation tasks in a university building. The results indicated that participants using AR completed the wayfinding tasks faster and developed moreaccurate cognitive maps. Limitations, implications, and future directions were discussed.