This research report examines the predicament of traditional energy industries in Xilingol League under the dual pressures of new energy expansion and smart transformation. Drawing on a literature review, policy analysis, regional industrial data, and in-depth interviews with coal mine and thermal power enterprise personnel, the study identifies three interrelated challenges: market pressure, cost pressure, and coordination pressure. It argues that traditional energy enterprises are not simply declining industries, but are being functionally repositioned within a changing energy system. The report concludes that clearer policy positioning, improved compensation mechanisms, differentiated transformation pacing, and stronger regional support capacity are essential to achieving a more stable and realistic energy transition.