Cornell International Affairs Review - Volume 08, Number 1 (Fall 2014)
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Item An Analysis on the Regulation of Grey Market Cyber MaterialsAnnu-Essuman, Kelsey (Cornell University Library, 2014-11-01)This paper analyzes the grey market for cyber materials by evaluating the current nature of transactions within the market. This paper claims that vendors ought to be required to disclose information (to companies) on the vulnerabilities, exploits, and botnets that are sold. Analyses include: a) Historical cases of weaponized cyber materials b) Statistics on the costs associated with the grey market c) Explanation of risks associated with unregulated grey market activity Limitations to mandatory disclosure outlined in the paper include the: a) Culture of anonymity within the market b) Appeal of lucrative job prospects for hackers who rely on the secretiveness of the market c) Perception of risks Another overarching, key argument presented for non-regulation is the need for government agencies to preserve their access to tools of offensive warfare that are bought on the grey market. In response to limitations, this paper finds that mandatory disclosure would, at minimum, allow software companies the opportunity to further pursue the protection of their systems and limit the risks of an unregulated market. This paper finds that enabling software companies best serves the interest of overall security and does not completely undermine the ability for government agencies to purchase offensive mechanisms.Item A Beautiful Mess: The Evolution of Political Graffiti in the Contemporary CityGreen, Madeleynn (Cornell University Library, 2014-11-01)Item Iceland's Clean Energy Economy: A Roadmap to Sustainability and Good BusinessGrímsson, Ólafur R. (Cornell University Library, 2014-11-01)Item Incentive, Shock, or Neither? The Impact of Croatian Accession on Bosnia's EU NegotiationsRosenberg, Ryan (Cornell University Library, 2014-11-01)What are the prospects for European Union accession in Bosnia, a country with a legacy of ethnic conflict and malfunctioning democracy? How might the accession of Croatia to the European Union affect this process? This paper analyses the current state of Bosnian politics through the lens of EU accession and considers the political and economic impact of Croatian accession. A lack of incentive for Bosnian politicians to implement the governmental changes needed for Europeanization—the process of adopting European rules—has created a stagnant and intransigent political climate, one made more difficult by the Bosnian bureaucracy. Ethnic divisions hard-wired into the Bosnian political system by Article IV of the Dayton Agreement make the political costs of Europeanization and institutional reform much higher than those associated with the continuation of ethnicity based parliamentary politics. However, Croatian accession (and the associated process of leaving the Central European Free Trade Agreement) will cause changes to the Bosnian economy, which heretofore has relied heavily on free trade with Croatia through CEFTA. A significant shock to the Bosnian economy caused by Croatian accession could trigger a political response, making Europeanization a viable alternative to the status quo. In order for the economic impact to be translated into politics, there must be an engaged populace willing to push for reform and translate their desire for Europeanization into a political force. Ultimately, I argue that the lack of effective inter-ethnic civil society and political mobilization in Bosnia will prevent significant political movement towards Europeanization, despite any economic discomforts caused by Croatia’s EU accession.Item U.S. Policy Toward Africa: Application of U.S. Africa Command Signals Africa's Increasing Strategic ImportanceDeTemple, James (Cornell University Library, 2014-11-01)Item The Case of Edward Snowden: A Different PathBlusiewicz, Jessica (Cornell University Library, 2014-11-01)Item Cornell International Affairs Review: Fall 2014Cornell International Affairs Review, Editorial Board (Cornell University Library, 2014-11-01)