Water Infrastructure

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https://hdl.handle.net/1813/113609

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Sources and Speciation of Elevated Manganese in a Surface Water Supply Reservoir
Reid, Matthew C. (New York State Water Resources Institute, 2022)
Evaluation of the effectiveness of green infrastructure for stormwater management in urban Buffalo, NY
Lowry, Chrisopher; Milleville, Richard (New York State Water Resources Institute, 2022)
The city of Buffalo, like many cities along the Great Lakes, relies on a combined sewer network, which joins sewage effluent and stormwater. When the system is overwhelmed, excess water is discharged from outfall locations into local freshwater basins. To reduce unwanted discharge the City and community partners have invested in establishing rain gardens, to mitigate the stormwater volumes that enter the combined sewer network. Rain gardens offer a natural and aesthetically appealing space for surface runoff to enter, prior to runoff into the sewer network. Within the garden boundaries, the water may evapotranspire, naturally recharge into the groundwater, or pond on the surface. Using numerical modeling it is possible to quantify the benefits of these systems. The water balance is solved utilizes input parameters such as soil moisture and soil type using forward and inverse modeling approaches. This research highlights the applicability of modeling water movement through rain gardens in order to optimize stormwater storage. Additionally, different soil type specific parameters were passed through these models to indicate the influence of excess surface water entering gardens via surface runoff. HYDRUS-1D is less equipped for additional large volumes of water, which suggests a combination of groundwater and surface water models might be beneficial for future research efforts.
Developing a Municipal Downspout Disconnect and Green Infrastructure Program
Fenton, Erin; Hychka, Kristen; Perrault, Meredith (New York State Water Resources Institute, 2020)
Runoff from more frequent and higher intensity storms coupled with increased impervious surfaces are causing capacity problems at wastewater treatment plants. Nuisance flooding in roadways and basements is also a result of these storms and constraints on wastewater infrastructure capacity. One solution that municipalities can use to address runoff is to implement residential downspout disconnect and green infrastructure programs. The result is cost savings for wastewater utilities and decreased combined sewer overflow and stormwater runoff in neighborhoods and local waterways.
Short Communication: Is Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2), the virus causing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), present and viable in raw and in partially-treated sewage
Sayess, Rassil; Hychka, Kristen; Rahm, Brian (New York State Water Resources Institute, 2021)
This WRI briefing explores the possible presence and transmission of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus causing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), in raw (untreated) or partially-treated sewage Note 1. The key question we pose here is: is there scientific evidence to support SARS-CoV-2 transmission and infection through raw or partially-treated sewage? As of January 22, 2021, scientists have shown that the virus has been detected in stool and rectal samples of infected individuals. Consequently, SARS-CoV-2 has been detected in wastewaters all over the world. Multiple studies showed that the virus was viable and/or infectious in stool samples. However, there are no reports of infection through the fecal-oral route to date. Based on our best effort to review the science, there is currently no evidence to suggest infection through contact recreation and professional interaction (sampling, monitoring, etc.). Regardless of the possible risk of exposure to SARS-CoV-2, caution is warranted any time there is possible exposure to untreated wastewater. For stakeholders concerned about the risk of COVID-19 infection associated with their personal and professional activities, and for people handling wastewater or coming in contact with surface water that might reasonably contain raw or partially treated sewage, we refer to existing guidance from public health experts and water professional organizations.
Short Communication: Staying Ahead of the Curve: Wastewater Surveillance for Monitoring COVID-19 Outbreaks in New York State
Hychka, Kristen; Sayess, Rassil; Rahm, Brian; Perreault, Meredith; Dodson, Khris (New York State Water Resources Institute, 2020)
Water Resource Infrastructure in New York: Assessment, Management, & Planning – Year 5
New York State Water Resources Institute (New York State Water Resources Institute, 2016)
The New York State Water Resources Institute (NYS WRI), with funding from the United States Geological Survey (USGS), and the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (DEC) Hudson River Estuary Program (HREP) has undertaken a coordinated research effort on water resource infrastructure in New York State, with a focus on the Hudson and Mohawk River basins.
Innovative water treatment by chitosan modified diatomaceous earth (DE) for small public water systems in rural areas
Wei, Xinchao (New York State Water Resources Institute, 2016)
Small public water systems play a vital role in providing safe drinking water to many rural areas in many states in the U.S. In view of the growing amounts and types of pollutants, providing safe drinking water is becoming increasingly difficult for small public water systems because of their unique geographical, financial, technical and operational constraints. The objective of this study was to develop a drinking water treatment technology for resource-constrained small public water systems using chitosan modified diatomaceous earth (DE) to remove a group of dissolved contaminants (natural organic matters, arsenic, and nitrate). Chitosan is an effective biosorbent for various dissolved contaminants mainly due to its high density amino groups and hydroxyl groups. DE of different sizes and permeability was modified by a chitosan to achieve the uniform thin coating on DE surfaces. The new adsorbent had the unique properties of both DE (good mechanical strength, large surface area, and good permeability) and chitosan (ubiquitous biopolymer with outstanding versatile adsorption capacity). The adsorption performance in removing the target contaminants was examined by batch adsorption tests.
Mohawk River Water Quality: Risk Evaluation of Combined Sewer Overflow and Runoff Events
Rodak, C.; Wei, X.; Schneider, J. (New York State Water Resources Institute, 2016)
During the Summer of 2016 nine locations along the Mohawk River in the Utica-Rome area were sampled for general water quality parameters and microbial indicators of fecal contaminations (E. coli and enterococci). When compared to the 2012 RWQC, microbial counts frequently exceeded the beach action value thresholds at sample locations in Utica, NY while violations in the Rome tailwater were less common. Microbial counts correlated well with rain events, demonstrating elevated microbial counts following rain events at sampling locations directly downstream of known CSO locations. At one sampling location in Utica, extremely high microbial counts were ultimately attributed to a broken sewer pipe which also appears to have impacted the water quality of other sample locations up 3.5 miles downstream. These microbial counts decreased significantly once the leaking pipe was identified and repaired on July 29th 2016. The performance indicators of reliability, resilience, and vulnerability were explored as a quantitative metric for communication of the frequency, duration, and severity of contamination events. Sampling locations in Rome had high reliability and resilience indicating infrequent, short-term elevated microbial counts compared to those in Utica which had frequent, long-term, contamination events well above the recreational thresholds.
Analyzing the discrepancy between return period stream flows using the TR - 55 Method and USGS recorded stream discharges
Teuffer, Karin (New York State Water Resources Institute, 2016)
Stream flows calculated with the TR-55 method and obtained from USGS empirical data were compared for twenty stream gauges and their corresponding watersheds in New York State. The overall differences between the distributions of the two methods were measured using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov statistic, and 1, 10, and 100 year return period percent differences in flows. The three variables regressed against were average curve number, latitude and drainage area. Multiple linear regression, and lasso and ridge regression showed that none of the predictor variables had significant influence on the difference between modeled and the measured values. Area and latitude have higher correlations with the raw flows for the three return period storms than curve number when analyzed individually. This was not seen in multiple regression and may be representative of a curve number influence on the discrepancy between model and empirical data.
Troy 2028: Green Infrastructure Scenarios for Troy
Davis, Brian (New York State Water Resources Institute, 2016)
In 2016, the Hudson River Estuary Watershed Resilience Project continued to support collaborations across Cornell Cooperative Extension of Columbia-Greene, Dutchess, Orange, and Rockland Counties to address the challenges of flooding, stream and watershed management, and climate change. The project serves municipal and landowner audiences in target watersheds in the Hudson Valley. This partnership between the New York State Water Resources Institute (NYS WRI) at Cornell University and Cornell Cooperative Extension (CCE) is supported by the New York State Department of environmental Conservation’s Hudson River Estuary Program (HREP). The project website is http://hudsonestuaryresilience.net

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