The peachtree borer (PTB), a native insect, is a major pest of stone fruits in the United States and Canada. Prior to the introduction of the peach, it lived on native wild cherries and plums. The majority of PTB have a ...

The plum curculio (PC), a native of North America, is a major pest of pome and stone fruits in the United States and Canada east of the 1 DOth meridian. The PC has a single generation in most areas but may have a partial ...

The grape cane gall maker is one of two Ampeloglypter species which can damage new shoot growth in the spring. This small snout beetle is apparently present throughout eastern and midwestern North America and has caused ...

The larvae of several Lepidoptera are collectively called green fruitworms because of their general appearance and tendency to damage apple and pear fruit. One species, Orthosia hibisci, which will be referred to as the ...

The San Jose scale (SJS) is a pest of tree fruit. Trees attacked include apple, peach, and pear. Originating in the Orient, it was introduced into California’s San Jose Valley on infested plant stock in 1870. The SJS has ...

Leaf spot is a common and sometimes serious disease of sour cherries in the Northeast. In wet years, high levels of infection can cause trees to defoliate by mid-summer, leading to inferior crop quality, significantly ...

Downy mildew, a fungal disease native to North America, attacks most species of wild and cultivated grape. The disease was inadvertently introduced into European vineyards in the late 1870’s where it devastated the European ...

Eutypa dieback of grapevines, formerly called “dead arm,” was for many years thought to be caused by the fungus Phomopsis viticola. Recently, however, another fungus, Eutypa armeniacae (imperfect stage: Cytosporina), was ...

The apple maggot (AM), a native of eastern North America, originally bred in large fruited hawthorns (Crataegus sp.). Later, it adopted apple as another host, and it has become a major fruit pest in the northeastern United ...

The woolly apple aphid (WAA), reportedly native to North America, occurs in most apple-growing areas of the world. The WAA feeds mainly on apple, but can also be found on pear, quince, mountain ash, hawthorn, and cotoneaster. ...