Age-Friendly Society: The Impact of Planning Decisions on Community Services
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In 2023, we surveyed 1,119 U.S. local governments to examine age-friendly community planning post-COVID-19. Our research explores three key questions: What drives communities to pay attention to seniors and include their needs in comprehensive plans? How do we evaluate the efforts communities put into supporting their senior populations? And what factors actually lead to the implementation of senior-focused planning recommendations? Using logistic regression and structural equation modeling, we investigated factors influencing comprehensive plans, public health integration, and service availability. Following the research approach established by Warner & Zhang (2022) in their analysis of previous rounds of surveys, our findings reveal that professionalism, particularly cross-agency partnerships, consistently predicts comprehensive planning focus. Senior-engaged communities develop more integrated plans addressing multiple populations, while conservative boards show negative associations with planning for both children and older adults. Public health integration is primarily driven by professionalism rather than demographics or COVID-19 impacts. Although communities integrating public health provide more services, our analyses show this relationship is correlational rather than causal. Service delivery is fundamentally driven by professionalism and civic engagement, surpassing planning focuses and most socioeconomic factors, which function more as common influences rather than direct drivers of service provision.