# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.name
CHILDHOOD, PRIVILEGE, AND DISEASE EXPOSURE: AN ANALYSIS OF POROTIC HYPEROSTOSIS AND CRIBRA ORBITALIA IN PERU’S COLCA VALLEY DURING THE LATE INTERMEDIATE PERIOD (1100 - 1450 AD)

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.description.abstract[].value
This thesis aims to understand childhood health in the Andean Late Intermediate Period (LIP, AD 1000–1450) by analyzing porotic hyperostosis (PH) and cribra orbitalia (CO) in a sample of subadults (n = 68) and adults (n = 163) from the elite cemetery sites of Yuraq Qaqa and Sahuara in Peru’s Colca Valley. Results show that subadults whose heads were modified shortly after birth have a higher rate of PH compared to the children who were not subjected to this practice (p = 0.0048). Adults do not exhibit this pattern. CO data shows a similar trend, although the difference is not statistically significant (p = 0.1994). Drawing on previous research, this thesis contends that modified children experienced chronic or respiratory infections to a greater degree as an unintended outcome of their mobile lifestyles. These results show that childhood experience varied socially and environmentally during the Andean LIP. They further emphasize that privilege is not an all-encompassing label and being an “elite” with access to specific resources does not immediately confer the best outcomes.

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.title[].value
CHILDHOOD, PRIVILEGE, AND DISEASE EXPOSURE: AN ANALYSIS OF POROTIC HYPEROSTOSIS AND CRIBRA ORBITALIA IN PERU’S COLCA VALLEY DURING THE LATE INTERMEDIATE PERIOD (1100 - 1450 AD)

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.name
Competition, Pricing, and Institutional Change in Developing Economies

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.description.abstract[].value
This dissertation studies competition, pricing, and institutional change in developing economies. The first two chapters examine how staple-food prices are set in fragmented urban retail markets in Mwanza, Tanzania, while the third studies whether a large-scale land reform program affected civil conflict in the Philippines. The first substantive chapter studies willingness to compete on price among retail firms in an important urban food market. I run a field experiment with 561 maize flour retailers in Mwanza, Tanzania, in which firms are offered experimentally varied subsidies to publicly post prices that undercut nearby competitors. This design allows me to measure both which firms are willing to engage in visible price competition and the compensation they require to do so. I document three main patterns. First, few firms are willing to publicly undercut nearby competitors at baseline: only 33% of retailers accept the offer to participate. Second, the compensation required to do so is large and highly dispersed. Among willing retailers, the required increase in profit margins ranges from 25 to 520% relative to their current margins. Third, willingness to compete increases after firms experience or observe undercutting, while required compensation falls: 33% more firms participate in a second round, and required margins are 30-39% smaller on average. I provide suggestive evidence on mechanisms that may contribute to these patterns. Retailers who initially overestimate negative reactions from nearby firms are less likely to participate, and exposure to nearby undercutting is associated with increased subsequent participation. In addition, treated firms update toward believing that demand is more price elastic, which may help explain the decline in required compensation. Taken together, the results suggest that willingness to compete on price may be limited but responsive to experience in this setting, and that both beliefs about peer reactions and beliefs about demand may shape firms’ pricing decisions. These findings highlight a potential role for temporary price competition in generating learning about both competitors and customers in urban retail markets. The second substantive chapter studies why retailers in developing economies charge different unit prices for different purchase quantities of the same good. Using a census of 2,032 staple-food retailers in Mwanza, covering 6,263 product menus and 21,992 price-size observations, I show that price schedules are only weakly downward sloping on average but vary sharply across sellers of the same narrowly defined product. I probe the sources of this variation using a follow-up survey of 425 firms on demand and cost conditions. Price schedules are flatter where demand is more concentrated on small sizes, consistent with firms keeping frequently purchased small quantities attractive. I also find evidence of nonlinear input-cost pass-through and steeper bulk discounts for more perishable maize flour variants. By contrast, I find little support for fixed per-transaction costs or standard second-degree price discrimination as primary drivers of this heterogeneity. The final substantive chapter studies whether redistributive land reform affected civil conflict in the Philippines. I combine more than two million title-level land transfer records from the Department of Agrarian Reform with event-level conflict data, aggregating both to the province-month level for 1987 to 2004, the main years of the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program. Provinces with more beneficiaries of land reform relative to the number of pre-reform farms tend to experience fewer conflict events on average. In province and year fixed-effects regressions and Poisson regressions, the estimated relationship remains negative, corroborating the raw pattern, but is imprecisely estimated. In instrumental-variables specifications, the estimated relationship becomes positive, though these estimates are also highly imprecise. Taken together, the results do not support a precise conclusion about whether contemporaneous land redistribution reduced or increased conflict.

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.title[].value
Competition, Pricing, and Institutional Change in Developing Economies

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.thesis.degree.name[].value
Ph. D., Applied Economics and Management

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.name
Essays in Environmental Economics on Water and Climate Adaptation

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.description.abstract[].value
In this dissertation, I study empirically society’s ability to manage some of the most pressing environmental concerns today: climate change and water scarcity. The first paper explores how the two issues conflict. Investment in groundwater extraction improves California farmers’ resilience against drought. However, the unpriced consequences of that adaptation choice outweigh the private benefits of the investment. In the second paper, I study the value of groundwater, and showthat groundwater management institutions fail to generate the most value out of the scarce resource. In the third paper, my co-authors and I examine the effectiveness of the US government’s spending on climate change adaptation, noting that there is a tradeoff between sending money to places that will be most impacted, and to places more economically disadvantaged.

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.title[].value
Essays in Environmental Economics on Water and Climate Adaptation

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.thesis.degree.name[].value
Ph. D., Applied Economics and Management

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.name
Nanoscale Studies of Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Architecture

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.description.abstract[].value
Fuel cells are a sustainable alternative to fossil fuels as they are both more efficient and less polluting than combustion engines. Alkaline anion exchange membrane (AEM) fuel cells in particular offer a cheaper alternative to current, acidic fuel cell technologies which require the use of expensive platinum-group metal catalysts. Despite advances in AEMs in recent decades achieving initial performances comparable to commercial fuel cells, AEMs still lack the long-term performance required. This limitation is due in part to incomplete understanding of how nanoscale membrane architecture governs performance properties including ionic transport, water management, and mechanical durability. Advances in AEM design therefore require nanoscale characterization of their internal organization.Characterization of the internal architecture in polymers is challenging, largely due to their inherently low contrast and radiation sensitivity. While techniques such as conventional transmission electron microscopy and ensemble-averaged X-ray scattering have revealed valuable insights into polymer membrane morphologies, these techniques have failed to directly identify and quantitatively analyze the organization of components including ionic channels and crystalline domains within polymer materials. Here, cryogenic 4D scanning transmission electron microscopy (cryo-4D-STEM) and electron energy loss spectroscopy (cryo-EELS) enable nanoscale spatial mapping of the crystalline morphology and ionic channel networks within AEMs. Although atomic resolution imaging of polymers is not feasible due to their radiation sensitivity, diffraction data can be used to learn about their crystalline structure over a larger area. In this work, 4D-STEM nanobeam diffraction is used to identify crystalline domains merely a few nanometers in size, enabling investigation of how crystalline domain size and distribution influences water management and ionic conductivity in AEMs. Additionally, the analysis of inelastic scattering using cryo-STEM-EELS allowed direct identification of the hydrophilic domains in dry and hydrated AEMs, without the need for elemental staining or other sample modifications. Quantitative analysis of ionic channel architecture, including connectivity and tortuosity, provides insights into how ionic network organization affects conductivity and durability. Together, this work establishes advanced cryogenic electron microscopy as a powerful tool for elucidating structure-property relationships in AEMs and offers design principles for next-generation membranes with improved performance and stability.

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.title[].value
Nanoscale Studies of Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Architecture

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.name
BEYOND ASSUMPTIONS: NEW APPROACHES FOR ASSESSING INVASIVE SPECIES IMPACTS, POTENTIAL OUTCOMES OF BIOLOGICAL CONTROL, AND SOCIAL ACCEPTABILITY OF MANAGEMENT

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.description.abstract[].value
This dissertation aims to improve the field of invasive species management with new tools and approaches that help ground application in evidence. Common assumptions of invasive species include that most species have significant and negative impacts, that management mitigates these harms and brings conservation benefits, and that control efforts are overall supported by the public. Evidence supporting these claims, however, is the exception, not the rule. This dissertation aims to probe these assumptions and add ecological and social evidence to these long-standing assumptions. Public attitudes towards management can vary according to where management is being conducted, what is being targeted, the benefits it is expected to bring, and how it is being done. However, most existing evidence draws from local case studies, small sample sizes, and qualitative research approaches, challenging generalizations about where social attitudes stand on fundamental aspects of management shared by all programs. In the first chapter, I take an experimental and quantitative approach to exploring these questions of social acceptability and use an online, experimental survey to assess attitudes from a large, stratified sample of the U.S. population. In Chapter Two, I explore ecological and evolutionary implications of releasing the leaf-feeding beetle, Galerucella birmanica, for biological control of water chestnut, Trapa natans, an invasive aquatic plant in northeastern North America. Introduction of the specialist G. birmanica will bring the species into novel associations with a native congeneric beetle, G. nymphaeae. In the first pre-release assessment of hybridization potential in a classical biological control context, I explore interspecific mating behaviors, follow larval development of hybrids on various host plants, and quantify adult oviposition decisions by hybrids. We use this information to inform ecological and evolutionary outcomes of T. natans biological control, and call for more attention to the possibility of hybridization in evaluations of biological control insects. In Chapter Three, I address the assumption-evidence gap that exists for impacts of invasive species, which are widely thought of as detrimental to native species, but often lacking empirical evidence justifying those claims. I center biological outcomes of native species in this chapter, and use fathead minnows and green frog tadpoles as biological indicators for invasive species impacts. Field deployments of caged cohorts of minnows and tadpoles reveal that these methods are tractable and flexible for understanding outcomes of invasive species, and provide clear evidence of negative impacts to species from large beds of T. natans. Taken together, these three chapters offer new approaches for generating social and ecological evidence for the improvement of invasive species management.

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.title[].value
BEYOND ASSUMPTIONS: NEW APPROACHES FOR ASSESSING INVASIVE SPECIES IMPACTS, POTENTIAL OUTCOMES OF BIOLOGICAL CONTROL, AND SOCIAL ACCEPTABILITY OF MANAGEMENT

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.description.abstract[].value
Wood from archaeological sites is a potential treasure trove of information for archaeologists and climate scientists, but this will only be fully realized if the provenance of the wood can be determined. For archaeologists and historians, dendroprovenance can reveal patterns of wood supply and facilitate inferences about broader society including its economic systems and societal structures. For climate scientists, tree-ring records provide the most precise climate reconstructions possible, and archaeological wood offers the opportunity to extend records beyond the lifespan of living trees. In this dissertation I develop methods for determining accurate and specific wood provenance. The key insight is that mapping approaches which allow the probability of origin to be assessed continuously across a region can be adapted to tree-ring width and geochemical geographical proxies. This approach allows different methods to be combined to produce the most precise provenance determinations possible. I further show that regional climate reconstructions lose the spatial specificity which ultimately mediates the relationship between humans and their environment. This dissertation, thus, lays a foundation for the implementation of precise dendroprovenancing which can be used to produce spatially resolved climate reconstructions.

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.name
The Development of L-System-based Fractal-like University Learning Environments for Modulating A Student’s Overall Well-being

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.description.abstract[].value
Universities are increasingly expected to support students’ overall well-being, yet many learning environments remain spatially rigid and visually limited. Drawing on environmental psychology, this study explores how fractal-like, naturalistic geometries can enhance perceptual comfort and cognitive ease. Using Lindenmayer Systems (L-Systems), a rule-based generative framework is developed to design key interior elements within a university studio. A two-loop methodology is proposed: Loop I generates and evaluates spatial components based on performance criteria such as light transmission and spatial organization; Loop II integrates these into immersive virtual reality (VR) environments for user testing. This study advances an evidence-oriented design framework linking fractal theory, generative & computational design, and VR evaluation for well-being and supportive learning environments.

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.title[].value
The Development of L-System-based Fractal-like University Learning Environments for Modulating A Student’s Overall Well-being

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.name
Harnessing Physical Intelligence for Collective Motion in Robotic Matter

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.description.abstract[].value
Traditional robotic systems are built on carefully planned connection topologies linking sensors, actuators, and controllers. While this approach enables precise control, it also makes such systems vulnerable to noise, component failures, and unexpected task conditions. In contrast, many natural and synthetic collectives, from active gels to insect swarms, rely on stochastic local mechanical interactions, rather than permanent configurations, to achieve capabilities and resilience far beyond those of any individual. We introduce the Cross-link collective, a robotic analog to active gels, demonstrating that global functionality can emerge from the mechanical intelligence of the modules and their stochastic interactions. Supported by both experimental data and comparative modeling, this research demonstrates that the Cross-link collective naturally evolves into configurations that optimize locomotion, while simultaneously self-regulating phase drift and internal torques purely through physical interactions. This research provides a foundational framework for the future development of highly resilient robotic systems. As robots become increasingly pervasive in unstructured, unpredictable settings from infrastructure and agriculture to search-and-rescue, harnessing such inherently adaptive strategies in the design and deployment of robotic systems will be the key to ensuring reliable performance.

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.title[].value
Harnessing Physical Intelligence for Collective Motion in Robotic Matter

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.thesis.degree.name[].value
Ph. D., Electrical and Computer Engineering

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.name
Foundations of Diffusion Language Models

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.description.abstract[].value
Diffusion models have recently emerged as a powerful alternative to autoregressive (AR) models for generative modeling, with strong results in continuous domains such as images and video. In the discrete setting of language, however, diffusion models still lag behind AR approaches in both likelihood and sampling efficiency. This thesis investigates the foundations of diffusion language models and asks whether they can be made competitive with traditional AR language models. First, we revisit the role of the forward noising process. Contrary to the prevailing theory that likelihood is invariant to the noise schedule, we prove that this invariance holds only for univariate schedules. We introduce context-adaptive, multivariate noise processes that are learned from data and show that they strictly improve likelihood and sample quality. Second, we propose a simple and unified framework for discrete diffusion that encompasses masked and Uniform-state processes. Within this framework, we derive Rao–Blackwellized variational bounds that are tighter and exhibit lower variance than existing ELBO formulations. Using these bounds, our MDLM models achieve state-of-the-art diffusion perplexities, approach AR perplexities on standard language benchmarks, and surpass AR models on several likelihood evaluations, while enabling efficient conversion of BERT-style encoders into generative models. Third, we establish a discrete–continuous duality that links Uniform-state diffusion in discrete space with Gaussian diffusion in continuous space. This connection allows us to transfer efficient parameterizations, improved training objectives, and distillation-based fast samplers to the discrete domain. Leveraging this, we obtain a twofold speedup in training convergence and two orders of magnitude faster sampling, and we introduce the first few-step discrete diffusion samplers via discrete consistency distillation. Collectively, these contributions show that diffusion language models can substantially close the gap to AR models in both quality and speed, while providing a principled foundation for future advances in discrete diffusion, fast sampling, and controllable language generation.

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.title[].value
Foundations of Diffusion Language Models

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.name
Do Conditional Cash Transfers Improve Diets? Evidence from Indonesia's Program Keluarga Harapan

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.description.abstract[].value
This study aims to examine the impact of Indonesia’s conditional cash transfer (CCT) called Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH) on household dietary-related outcomes using longitudinal data from the Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS) spanning the period of 2007-2014. Through a Propensity-Score Matching (PSM) with a Difference-in-Differences (DiD) approach, this study estimates the causal effect of PKH on household dietary diversity and food expenditures. I find that there are no statistically significant effects of PKH participation towards household dietary diversity scores (HDDS). However, PKH beneficiaries in the sample tend to spend more on food: mostly staples (cereals), eggs, milk, and milk products. This study contributes to the literature in two ways, by complementing existing international CCT literature and adding new evidence for PKH impact evaluation on diets at the household-level.

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.title[].value
Do Conditional Cash Transfers Improve Diets? Evidence from Indonesia's Program Keluarga Harapan

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.name
A Site of Resistance and Diasporic Belonging:  Black Hair in Colombia, Spain, and Brazil

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.description.abstract[].value
This dissertation aims to center Black hair as an object of study, an embodied mode of cultural expression, and a form of resistance across the diaspora. Black hair and its fashioning are often understood as purely aesthetic, and as such, the political element of hair and its styling is overlooked. My dissertation seeks to challenge this notion and propose that the aesthetics of Black hair, combined with those of diverse artistic manifestations, make a political statement about Blackness and Black diasporic identity. Through a combination of close readings as well as literary and visual analysis, this dissertation examines how Black hair serves as an embodied form of aesthetic resistance that affirms Black identity and expresses a desire for Black liberation in the 21st century. Through a close reading of the exhibition of artwork found at Casa Museo in San Basilio de Palenque, Colombia, the first chapter explores how the artwork functions as a reenactment of embodied cultural practices first performed during the colonial era. The second chapter focuses on how hair serves as a narrative arc in Desirée Bela-Lobedde’s Ser mujer negra en España, revealing the utility of literary narrative in plotting the centrality of hair in the lives of Black women across the diaspora and how this is used as a tool for Black liberation in the 21st century. The third chapter provides a visual analysis of street art in colonialneighborhoods that hold both historical and contemporary significance for Brazil’s Black community. In doing so, I analyze what it means to inscribe images of Black cultural pride through murals of Afrocentric hairstyles on buildings whose preservation signals the exaltation of Eurocentric and colonialist ideals. In examining objects from Colombia, Spain, and Brazil, I suggest that the desire for freedom, as expressed through hair, is not tied to a nation but is inherent to Black diasporic communities. By centering the Spanish- and Portuguese-speaking Black diasporic communities, I hoped to provide valuable insight into how Blackness is experienced in other parts of the diaspora and how this experience informs the liberatory efforts articulated through the fashioning of Black hair.

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.description.abstract[].value
Esta tesis doctoral tiene como objetivo situar el cabello afro como objeto de estudio, como una forma encarnada de expresión cultural y como una forma de resistencia en toda la diáspora. El cabello afro y su peinado suelen entenderse como algo puramente estético y, por ello, se pasa por alto el componente político del cabello y su estilo. Mi tesis pretende cuestionar esta idea y proponer que la estética del cabello afro, combinada con la de diversas manifestaciones artísticas, constituye una declaración política sobre la negritud y la identidad de la diáspora negra. Mediante una combinación de lecturas detalladas y análisis literarios y visuales, esta tesis examina cómo el cabello negro sirve como una forma encarnada de resistencia estética que afirma la identidad negra y expresa un deseo de liberación negra en el siglo XXI. A través de una lectura detallada de la exposición de obras de arte que se encuentra en la Casa Museo de San Basilio de Palenque, Colombia, el primer capítulo explora cómo las obras de arte funcionan como una recreación de prácticas culturales encarnadas que se llevaron a cabo por primera vez durante la era colonial. El segundo capítulo se centra en cómo el cabello sirve como arco narrativo en Ser mujer negra en España, de Desirée Bela-Lobedde, revelando la utilidad de la narrativa literaria para trazar la centralidad del cabello en las vidas de las mujeres negras de la diáspora y cómo esto se utiliza como herramienta para la liberación negra en el siglo XXI. El tercer capítulo ofrece un análisis visual del arte callejero en barrios coloniales que revisten importancia tanto histórica como contemporánea para la comunidad negra de Brasil. Al hacerlo, analizo lo que significa inscribir imágenes del orgullo cultural negro a través de murales de peinados afrocéntricos en edificios cuya conservación simboliza la exaltación de ideales eurocéntricos y colonialistas. Al examinar objetos de Colombia, España y Brasil, sugiero que el deseo de libertad, tal y como se expresa a través del cabello, no está ligado a una nación, sino que es inherente a las comunidades de la diáspora negra. Al centrarme en las comunidades de la diáspora negra de habla hispana y portuguesa, esperaba aportar una valiosa perspectiva sobre cómo se vive la negritud en otras partes de la diáspora y cómo esta experiencia influye en los esfuerzos liberadores que se articulan a través del peinado del cabello negro.

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.title[].value
A Site of Resistance and Diasporic Belonging:  Black Hair in Colombia, Spain, and Brazil

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.name
Availability of dark daytime refuge may limit mysid abundance in the Laurentian Great Lakes

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.description.abstract[].value
The zooplankton Mysis diluviana is a major component of the Laurentian Great Lakes food web and has recently declined in abundance in both lakes Michigan and Huron. Drivers of these declines are not well understood. Here, we explore the hypothesis that recent increases in water clarity have contributed to the decline of M. diluviana (mysids) by limiting the availability of daytime dark refuge from visual predators. Using Secchi depth data from 1996 to 2021, we estimate that dark refuge has decreased substantially in lakes Michigan and Huron where mysids have declined, but dark refuge has remained more stable in lakes Ontario and Superior where mysid populations did not decline. Results from a 2021 uncrewed surface vessel hydroacoustic survey and lake-wide, net-based sampling in lakes Michigan and Huron revealed significantly more mysids in areas with dark refuge, such as Lake Michigan’s northern basin. Conversely, Lake Huron contains sparse dark refuge consistent with low mysid densities in that lake. Higher water clarity leading to increased predation may be a primary driver of mysid declines in the Great Lakes.

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.title[].value
Availability of dark daytime refuge may limit mysid abundance in the Laurentian Great Lakes

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.name
Single-cell transcriptomics reveals targeted modulation of inflammatory repertoire by SOCE blockers

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.cris.virtual.collection[].value
Department of Microbiology and Immunology

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.description.abstract[].value
Store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) plays a critical role in regulating intracellular calcium signaling and is essential for immune cell functions. SOCE blockade with the pyrazole derivative BTP2 has been explored as an anti-inflammatory strategy in preclinical models, and Zegocractin (CM4620) is under clinical investigation as a CRAC channel inhibitor with activity in multiple tissues, including immune cells. However, the cell type-specific consequences of SOCE blockade under defined activation contexts remain incompletely understood. Here, we used multiplexed single-cell RNA sequencing to investigate the effects of two prototypic SOCE blockers, BTP2 and CM4620, on polyclonally stimulated, normal human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in a phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-driven T-cell activation model. The data revealed that SOCE blockade suppressed cytotoxicity-associated transcriptional programs in CD8+ effector T cells and natural killer (NK) cells, restoring them to levels comparable to unstimulated cells. At the same time, SOCE blockade allowed CD4+ regulatory T cells to retain transcriptional signatures associated with immune regulation. These results indicate that, in this experimental model, SOCE blockade dampens cytotoxic programs while maintaining tolerance signatures, suggesting a potential avenue for targeted immune modulation in transplantation and other immune-mediated conditions. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) is essential for immune activation, but broad immunosuppression can cause significant side effects. Using single-cell transcriptomics in a phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-driven T-cell activation model, we show that SOCE blockade with BTP2 or CM4620 suppresses pro-inflammatory and cytotoxic programs in CD8+ effector T cells and NK cells while preserving tolerance-associated pathways in CD4+ regulatory T cells. These findings suggest that SOCE blockade may provide a more targeted form of immune modulation, warranting future head-to-head comparisons with conventional immunosuppressants. Our results highlight the potential of SOCE blockers to reduce immune-mediated damage while maintaining tolerance, motivating further functional and translational studies in transplantation and other immune-mediated conditions.

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.identifier.citation[].value
Stephanou A, Mantri M, Shankaranarayanan D, Li C, Lagman M, Xiang J, Pan C, Sun Y, Muthukumar T, Machaca K, De Vlaminck I, Suthanthiran M. Single-cell transcriptomics reveals targeted modulation of inflammatory repertoire by SOCE blockers. Human immunology. 2026;87(4):111687. doi: 10.1016/j.humimm.2026.111687. PMID: 41690207.

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.title[].value
Single-cell transcriptomics reveals targeted modulation of inflammatory repertoire by SOCE blockers

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.name
Suspect Air Embolus in a Percheron Gelding Following Anesthesia and Cognizant Catheter Use in Practice

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.description.abstract[].value
A 7-year-old Percheron gelding presented to the Equine Orthopedic Surgery Service at Cornell University treatment for overgrown hooves and chronic hoof abscesses. For 4-years he had resisted hoof trimming and consequently had had very little hoof maintenance. Due to his temperament and size, he was placed under general anesthesia to facilitate hoof trimming and shoe placement. Corrective heart-bar shoes were fabricated and placed on his feet while under intravenous anesthesia. The procedure and anesthetic recovery were without incident. That evening his catheter became detached transiently. He suffered an episode of acute lameness and collapse followed by an obtunded state. He recovered quickly and by I hour after the episode of collapse he had with no apparent neurological deficits. An air embolus was suspected but not confirmed. 
Intravenous catheters are used commonly in many species, veterinary and human alike. Thrombophlebitis and infection are common complications but other infrequent but equally severe events may occur. Several factors influence the success of intravenous catheters; dwell time, systemic health of the patient, and local catheter environment are some of the most important. Events such as catheter or air embolization are not predictably correlated with those factors. Both human and veterinary medical practitioners have taken preventative steps to reduce the occurrence of these adverse events and to better manage intravenous catheters.

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.subject[].value
cute collapse, air embolism, catheter care, catheter material, equine

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.title[].value
Suspect Air Embolus in a Percheron Gelding Following Anesthesia and Cognizant Catheter Use in Practice

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.name
Utility of facial imaging and machine learning in the evaluation of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.description.abstract[].value
The last two decades have witnessed a remarkable transformation in the integration of artificial intelligence in healthcare. Similarly, our understanding of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) has expanded and the data points now being considered are far more granular. In this article, we will review how investigators have attempted to apply technological innovations to enhance our knowledge of FASD and to fill some of the gaps that exist regarding access to experienced diagnosticians. We will summarize the salient studies to date and highlight future directions in terms of how the technology can move from research to healthcare delivery.

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.identifier.citation[].value
Gomez DA, Abdul-Rahman O. Utility of facial imaging and machine learning in the evaluation of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders. Current problems in pediatric and adolescent health care. 2026;56(1):101913. doi: 10.1016/j.cppeds.2025.101913. PMID: 41513550.

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.relation.ispartofseries[].value
Current problems in pediatric and adolescent health care

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.title[].value
Utility of facial imaging and machine learning in the evaluation of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.name
Pulsed Field Ablation for the Treatment of Octogenarians With Atrial Fibrillation

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.description.abstract[].value
INTRODUCTION: As patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) present with increasing age and comorbidities, the understanding of the safety and efficacy of catheter ablation in older patients is paramount. We sought to investigate outcomes of octogenarians undergoing catheter ablation of AF in the era of pulsed field ablation (PFA). METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed AF patients who underwent PFA with a pentaspline catheter. Patients were divided into two groups based on age: octogenarians (age ‚â• 80 years) and younger group (age < 80 years). Baseline characteristics, procedural data, and recurrence of atrial arrhythmia during the follow-up course were compared between the groups. RESULTS: Among 698 AF patients (69 ¬± 11 years old, 64% male), 124 (18%) were octogenarians and 574 (72%) were younger than 80 years. Octogenarians had a higher prevalence of comorbidities and underwent more extensive ablation, including the posterior wall and anterior wall. However, the procedure time, ablation catheter dwell time, and the fluoroscopy time did not differ between groups. There were zero complications in the octogenarian group and 9 in the younger group (p = 0.16). Early follow-up data showed comparable recurrence rate of atrial arrhythmias after an 8 week-blanking period (log-rank p = 0.80). CONCLUSION: PFA was effective and demonstrated a highly safe profile for octogenarians despite higher baseline risks and more extensive ablation.

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.identifier.citation[].value
Miyama H, McCoy S, Lam MC, Markowitz SM, Thomas G, Liu CF, Ip JE, Goljo E, Lerman BB, Cheung JW. Pulsed Field Ablation for the Treatment of Octogenarians With Atrial Fibrillation. Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology. 2026;37(3):642-646. doi: 10.1111/jce.70256. PMID: 41528111.

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.title[].value
Pulsed Field Ablation for the Treatment of Octogenarians With Atrial Fibrillation

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.name
Towards an “ MBA ” for African farmers: Management-Based-Advisory to improve efficiency and lower emissions

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.description[].value
Volume editors contributed to the web accessibility of this material.

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.description.abstract[].value
Blanket recommendations dominate the advisory landscape for African smallholder producers, yet their farming conditions, investment capacities, and production orien- tations are highly diverse. Current, field-specific (4R) nutrient management advisory neglects that fertilizer costs pose a binding constraint. African smallholders’ actual fer- tilizer use is highly variable, as is the efficiency of its use. To achieve higher nutrient use efficiency, fertilization needs to match other agronomic management practices, such as land preparation, crop rotations, weeding, timing of operations, manure use, etc. Premised on the idea that such (past) agronomic management shapes soil fertility and is key to improving productivity, resource use efficiency and to lowering GHG emissions, our research in Tanzania uses a customizable mobile phone application to: (1) assist farmers in building a field-level administration of their agronomic management prac- tices; (2) instantly use this data to provide tailored, Management-Based-Advice (MBA) for individual fields, and; (3) fill a key agricultural data gap – e.g. longitudinal, field-level management data that can inform future advisory. In the first two seasons of use, more than 1,000 field-specific advices were provided by some 40 extension workers, ena- bling farmers to use their available resources – labour, manure and purchased fertiliser, more efficiently and cost-effectively.

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.relation.ispartof[].value
Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on farmer-centric On-Farm Experimentation

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.relation.ispartofseries[].value
The First International Conference on Farmer-Centric On-Farm Experimentation (OFE2021)

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.title[].value
Towards an “ MBA ” for African farmers: Management-Based-Advisory to improve efficiency and lower emissions

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.name
Revivalism, social conscience, and community in the Burned-over District: the trial of Rhoda Bement

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.description[].value
Contents: For the salvation of the world! : revivalism and reform in Seneca Falls, New York / Jan M. Saltzgaber -- The trial of Rhoda Bement : transcript from the Session of the First Presbyterian Church of Seneca Falls -- Varieties of religious activity : conflict and community in the churches of the Burned-over District / Glenn C. Altschuler.

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.title[].value
Revivalism, social conscience, and community in the Burned-over District: the trial of Rhoda Bement

# _embedded.facets[]._embedded.values[].label
New York State Agricultural Experiment Station

# _embedded.facets[]._embedded.values[].label
International Ladies Garment Workers Union (ILGWU)

# _embedded.facets[]._embedded.values[].label
Cornell University, Office of the Dean of the University Faculty