This readme file, Readme_Brindt_2023_Video.txt was generated on 2023-08-15 by Naaran Brindt. GENERAL INFORMATION Title of Dataset: Video recordings for pore water velocities and dynamic contact angles measurements for unstable infiltration fronts in dry sand Author/Principal Investigator Information Name: Naaran Brindt ORCID: 0000-0002-2668-9585 Institution: Dept. of Biological & Environmental Engineering, Cornell University Address: B62 Riely-Robb Hall, 111 Wing Drive, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 Email: nab229@cornell.edu Author/Associate or Co-investigator Information Name: Tammo Steenhuis ORCID: 0000-0003-0508-9350 Institution: Dept. of Biological & Environmental Engineering, Cornell University Address: Riely-Robb Hall, 111 Wing Drive, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 Email: tammo@cornell.edu Date of data collection: 2022-09-22 Geographic location of data collection: Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA Information about funding sources that supported the collection of the data: This research funded in part by BARD, the United States - Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund, Vaadia-BARD Postdoctoral Fellowship Award No. FI-594-2019. SHARING/ACCESS INFORMATION Licenses/restrictions placed on the data: This dataset is shared under a Creative Commons 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/). The material can be copied, modified and used without permission, but attribution to the original authors is always appreciated. Links to publications that cite or use the data: This data is used in the paper: Brindt, N., Min, X., Yan, J., Jung. A., Parlange, J-Y., and Steenhius, T. (2023). Determining pore water velocities and dynamic contact angles for unstable infiltration fronts. Advances in Water Resources Reaserch (submitted) Was data derived from another source? No If yes, list source(s): Recommended citation for this dataset: Naaran Brindt, Jiuzhou Yan, Xinying Min, Sunghwan Jung, Jean-Yves Parlange, Tammo Steenhuis. (2023) Video recordings for pore water velocities and dynamic contact angle measurements for unstable infiltration fronts in dry sand. [dataset]. Cornell University Library eCommons Repository. https://doi.org/10.7298/gtdr-0032 DATA & FILE OVERVIEW the files are compressed high-speed video recordings of unstable infiltration runs to dry sand Compression standard used was H.264. Video files were recorded at 500 fps and condensed to AVI H.264 format at 30 fps. File List: 1: Run_I_Compressed_H264.AVI: 21.7 seconds video of Run I recorded at 500 fps. 2. Run_II_Compressed_H264.AVI: 21.7 seconds video of Run II recorded at 500 fps. 3. Supplemental_Run_H264.AVI: 21.7 seconds video of Run B recorded at 500 fps. Additional related data collected that was not included in the current data package: Pressure measurements to Run I and Run II were recorded and can be seen in the journal paper: Brindt, N., Min, X., Yan, J., Jung. A., Parlange, J-Y., and Steenhius, T. (2023). Determining pore water velocities and dynamic contact angles for unstable infiltration fronts. Advances in Water Resources Research (submitted) The video files in this dataset contain no human voices; no transcripts are included. METHODOLOGICAL INFORMATION Description of methods used for collection/generation of data: The flow cell was constructed from glass. The glass was made hydrophobic by coating the surface with n-Octyltriethoxysilane, (Gelest Inc. PA) via wet glass deposition. The flow cell dimensions for Run I and Run II were 30 * 50 * 1.6 mm, with the top open and the bottom with porous foam. The porous medium in the cells consisted of 20/30 grade quartz sand with grain size 0.6-0.8mm (Unmin Corporation, Ottawa, MN) and had an average density of 1.56 gr/cm3 in the cells. Behind the flow cell, a 40W LED lighting array (SP-E-365D LED Light, Genaray USA) provided background lighting. A high-speed camera (Photron Fastcam S9 type 900K, Photron USA, Inc., CA) continuously visualized the pore liquid movement in a 32 mm by 32 mm area) in the cell at 500 frames (1280 x 1280 pixels) per second at a spatial resolution of 2.5 μm pixels. A memory card saved 10898 images before the recording button was triggered. The recording frequency of 500 frames per second corresponded to 21.8 seconds of pore liquid movement. Stored images were transferred to a laptop at the end of each recording as an AVI file. Photron FASTCAM Viewer 4 software (Photron USA, Inc., CA) was used to visualize the images. Water was applied at a rate of 15 μl/min at the top of the cell through a dispensing tip with an inner diameter of 0.83 mm; (JENSEN GLOBAL, Santa Barbara, CA, USA) with a syringe pump (KD Scientific Inc., Model 101). The water was dyed with one mg/L Brilliant Blue FCF to enhance visualization For the supplemental run, the flow cell's channel dimensions were 6.5 mm x 2 mm x 33 mm. The porous media was dry sand with an average diameter of 2 mm (Unmin Corporation, Ottawa, MN). The water was colored with FD&C red dye No.40 for better visualization. The porous media was packed in the flow cell with the top layer exposed to the air. A stand held the whole cell to keep it vertical. A syringe containing red-colored water was placed on a syringe pump (ALA Scientific Instruments184model NE-4000) and linked to the flow cell with a tube and an 18-gauge dispensing needle. The flow rate was set as 10μl/min to ensure the waterfront did not move too fast to be captured. Two SpectroLED Essential 500 Daylight LED Lights (Sp-E-500D SpectroLED, Genaray, USA) were set to provide lightening from the sides. A high-speed camera (Edgertronic SC2 high-speed camera, Edgertronic USA, Inc., CA), along with a 2x lens (1-6010 Coupler, 1-6030 2X Adapter, 1-60135 Zoom body tube, 1-60112 Lens attachment, Navitar, Inc., USA), were used to capture the water front movement at a frame rate of 500 frames per second, while each frame had a resolution of 1280 x 864 pixels. The camera was connected to a computer to receive live images. The red-colored water was applied to the cell from the top. The camera focused on one selected pore in advance and triggered when the water entered the frame. The recording files were downloaded and then visualized by Photron FASTCAM135 Viewer 4 software (Photron USA, Inc., CA). The consecutive images recorded wetting front advancement in the pores were selected and saved as JPG files. The resolutions ranged from 1.35 to 3.10 μm per pixel for different image sets. Methods for processing the data: Video files were recorded at 500 fps and condensed to AVI H.264 format at 30 fps. The video files in this dataset contain no human voices; no transcripts are included. Instrument- or software-specific information needed to interpret the data: the data is the raw footage of the infiltrations to the cells. Image/ video analysis tools are required for analysis. We used the Photron FASTCAM Viewer 4 software (Photron USA, Inc., CA) for visualizations and MATLAB Image Processing Toolbox for analysis. People involved with sample collection, processing, analysis, and/or submission: Experiments were set up and recorded by Naaran Brindt, Jiuzhou Yan, and Xinying Min.