CORNELL CHRONICLE

Basketball Dispute Investigated
Bio Transfer Opposed
'Finals Relaxation'

Page 2 Page 2 Page 3

The official weekly of record for Cornell University

Booking It

Pages 6-7

Vol. 3. No. 15

Thursday, D e c e m b e r 1 6 , 1 9 7 1 Spring Registration

Page 11

NY Colleges Develop Financial Plan

The private colleges and universities in New York State have developed a plan of action aimed at

strengthening the system of higher education in the State, minimizing the burden on taxpayers, and preventing

the financial collapse of private educational institutions.

The plan announced Tuesday is based on the fact that New York State faces "a crisis in the financing of

higher education," one element of which is the impending financial collapse of many private colleges and

universities in the State. The financial crisis and the plan were discussed late yesterday at a news conference at

tlhe Cornell University-New York Hospital Medical Center in New York City. (Complete taxt of the plan begins

on Page 4.

At the meeting were Cornell President Dale R. Corson, chairman of an informal group of six private university presidents (Columbia, Cornell, Fordham. NYU, Rochester and Syracuse), and other private university and college representatives including Hamilton College President John W. Chandler, chairman of the Commission on Independent Colleges and Universities (CICU).

The plan of action was prepared by
the six universities on behalf of
CICU, an organization representing
private institutions of higher
education in the State. Corson
chaired the drafting committee. The plan was also presented yesterday
to Governor Nelson A. Rockefeller; T. Norman Hurd, chairman of the Task Force on the Financing of Higher Education in New York State; legislative leaders and top educators in Albany.
The plan cites three elements of the

State's crisis in higher education financing; 40 per cent more student places will be needed in the next decade; 43 per cent of the current student places are jeopardized by the impending financial collapse of the State's private colleges and universities; and present burdens on State taxpayers are excessive.
The long-term aspect of the plan calls for two changes: first, that public institutions develop user charges which cover full educational and other studentrelated costs such as meals, rooms and health services with students who can afford it paying full charges, second, that students who need financial assistance should receive it in the form of a greatly expanded Scholar Incentive plan based on need. The highest awards, the plan says, should equal full user charges at the public institutions. The awards should be usable by students at New York institutions of their choice, whether public or private
According to the plan, the two longterm proposals are based on the contention that "in the long-run, the interests of taxpayers, students, and the higher educational system in the State will be best served by a program that enables students, regardless of income level, to have free choice of the institution, public or private, which meets their academic needs. Those who have the least ability to pay should have as much freedom to select and attend the institution of their

choice as those from the highest income levels. By the same token, those who can afford to pay for all or part of their higher education should do so whether they attend a private or public institution. It is unfair to impose on the taxpayer a burden which these students and their families can reasonably bear."
The proposal of the private colleges and universities also recognizes that the Governor and the State Legislature are faced with "extremely difficult" budget decisions for the next fiscal year. To that end, the plan proposes keeping the system of higher education going at the least cost to the taxpayer in 1972-73 without jeopardizing the system in the years immediately arhead.
Among these short-term proposals are. (1) Bundy aid (current state support of private institutions) continued at least at present levels. A reduction in Bundy institutional aid. the plan says, would be disastrous for many private institutions. (2) A first step expansion of the State Scholar Incentive Program as a part of the long-term financing plan For 1972-73 awards should increase from a maximum of $600 to $1,500. (3) A temporary emergency fund established to sustain those private institutions facing immediate financial disaster. This fund should be administered on a state-wide basis. (4) Categorical aid to professional schools and for educational opportunity programs should be continued.
The plan says that the financial plight of private colleges and universities in the State is indeed serious.
Deficits for the six private universities alone, excluding their medical schools, totaled nearly $16 million in 1969. rose to more than $23 million the next year, and was just short of $29 million for the
Continued on Page 6

Returning the Empties

Merry Christmas!
Cornell Chronicle wishes all its readers a joyous holiday season.

ECOLOGICAL ACTION—Two residents of Ecology House load smashed bottles into a truck which will take it away to be recycled. Ecology House is a dormitory, located in the Cornell Heights Residential Club, for students interested in ecological problems (See story on Page 11.)

2 CORNELL CHRONICLE

Thursday, December 16, 1971

Unit to Investigate Grievances zBiology Transfer Opposed-
Of Cornell Basketball Players Faculty Presents Views

A five-man committee, established and chaired by University Ombudsman Byron Yaffe, began meeting Monday "to investigate air grievances which have led to disputes between players and the coaching staff on the varsity basketball team," Yaffe said.
Yaffe announced the formation of the committee late Saturday night, following the Cornell-Fairfield basketball game here. The game was the second in a row in which the six black players on the team had not participated They did not dress for the game at Syracuse last Thursday either. Yaffe said the committee would complete its investigation by this coming Saturday and that, if the study were not completed by that date, the situation regarding the grievances would be re-evaluated
The committee includes Yaffe, Ramon E. Rivera, the University's Affirmative Action officer; William Keene. a graduate student in education and coordinator of minority activities for COSEP who was chosen by the black players to represent them on the committee; Charles H. McCord. assistant dean for external affairs for the Graduate School of Business and Public Administration who was chosen by the rest of the team to represent them, and David L Call, the HE. Babcock Professor of Food Nutrition who was chosen by the department of physical education and athletics to represent them.
Following the investigation, the committee is expected to make recommendations to all involved parties based on the committee's analysis of the situation.
The ombudsman is the University official who investigates complaints and hears grievances brought by anyone in the University community about the University or anyone in it who exercises authority In this case, certain parties to the dispute between the coaches arid players requested assistance by the Office of the Ombudsman. Yaffe said.
Jon T. Anderson, director of physical education and athletics at Cornell, announced that the basketball game at the University of Rochester scheduled for the night before last was rescheduled for Jan. 12 He said the game had been rescheduled because in light of present conditions it was uncertain whether the Cornell team could prepare adequately for the game.
The first public statement on the dispute was made by Cornells head basketball coach. Jerry Lace, prior to the game at Syracuse. He said: "Six black basketball players did not make the trip with the team tonight because they have questions and grievances with me I hope to discuss the situation with the squad tomorrow "
The six players are John Coles, a junior from Washington, D C ; Jeff Howard, a sophomore from Bridgeport, Conn.; Tom Sparks, a senior from Bridgeport. Conn.; Carmel "Skeeder" Stewart, a sophomore from Pittsburgh. Pa.; Otis Story, a sophomore from Jamaica. N Y , and Brian Wright, a sophomore from Brooklyn, NY

All statements made at a meeting Monday to discuss the possible transfer of the Division of Biological Sciences to a state unit opposed such a move. About 75 of the division's 120 faculty members attended the hour-and-a-half-long meeting in 110 Ives Hall called by University President Dale Corson to get the views of the divison's faculty on the subject.
Corson once again pledged to assure the continuing identity of the division as long as the division's faculty wishes it. He also said that he and Vice Provost W. Keith Kennedy would develop alternate plans for the division.
The division presently is supported financially primarily through the College of Arts and Sciences, an endowed unit, and the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, a statutory or state unit. A Ford Foundation grant which provides about $400,000 annually now meets a substantial portion of the.endowed unit's share. The grant expires in 1980
Concern about the Arts and Sciences Colleges ability to meet its share of the financial needs after the grant expires resulted in a proposal to transfer the division to the state unit at Cornell. The proposal has met with stiff opposition from almost all

concerned. In an opening statement at
Monday's meeting, Corson said that before the division was created in 1964, the Arts and Sciences College had not been enthusiastic in its support of biological sciences He added that he is delighted with the strength of the current committment of the college to that field
Faculty members pointed to the critical condition of the state's finances and suggested this is no time to transfer the divisiofi, even if a transfer were recommended. They also pointed to rigidity in state financing and state operational techniques. Many felt that if the reason for a transfer of the division to the state is financial then a financial solution should be sought without destroying the present academic structure.
Asked if a show of hands was needed to give him an idea' of the group's feelings on the matter. Corson said that it was not. He said he "got the flavor" of the faculty meeting from the proceedings.
Besides Corson and Kennedy, those attending the meeting included Richard D. O'Brien, division director; Alfred E. Kahn, dean of the College of Arts and Sciences, and Robert S. Morison, professor of biology and a former director of the division.

A series of meetings involving
players, coaches and athletic department officials took place Friday and Saturday. During the game with Fairfield. the team

Ombudsman To Report

'A Little Bird Told Me'
Ornithologists to Test Bird Seeds

was coached by Tom Allen, an
On COSEPassistant coach.

Cornell ornithologists, seeking

Following the Fairfield game, a statement was made by Sparks, co-captain of the team, on behalf of himself and five black teammates. The statement said:

The Ombudsman's office will report soon on its investigation of questions regarding the policies
and procedures of the COSEP

to learn the seed preferences of birds which visit backyard feeders, are going to the top of the pecking order to get the answer — they're asking the

"We six Black Cornell basketball players are members of the Cornell basketball team. All that we have been doing has been within that framework. It has been continually alleged that we are boycotting Cornell basketball games. It is our contention that we have not. Rather. we have certain grievances with basketball coach

program.
Early last month. University Ombudsman Byron Yaffe asked interested members of the Cornell community to submit by Nov. 19 any inquiries they might
have about the program's policies and any allegations against its administrators.

birds themselves Specifically, the ornithologists
are seeking to establish the optimum contents and proportions for bird feed mixtures to attract the greatest diversity of birds with minimum waste The study is sponsored by the Specialties Division of Agway, which, among other things, sells pet foods.

Jerry Lace. We have taken these grievances to Coach Lace and have continually acted in good faith over the past few days in our dealings with Coach Lace, with the rest of the team, and with other parties introduced into the discussion. We have acted in good faith and will continue to do so in the hope our actions will be justified by the University investigation

None of the complaints filed, according to Yaffe. have required any official action. The inquiries about policy are still being investigated, he said, and the results will be made public.
Yaffe stressed, however, that his office "is still available on an ad hoc basis for complaints on COSEP or any other University program."

Chronicle Takes
A Vacation
With this issue, the Chronicle suspends publication for" Christmas recess. Publication will be resumed for the spring semester on Thursday. Jan. 13.1972.

Ten different seeds will be tested and six feeders will be used. Five of the feeders will be filled with seeds and the sixth will be kept empty to eliminate position bias on the part of the bird.
James Tate Jr., assistant director of Cornell's Laboratory of Ornithology where the experiments will be conducted, said everything possible will be

done to assure that the birds will not go to any one feeder through habit. Feeders will be rotated every two weeks so that within a seasonal quarter each seed is stationed at each of the six possible positions.
The feeders will be placed in an arc facing the East Trail gate of the laboratory's bird sanctuary on Sapsucker Woods Road. Volunteer spotters with field glasses will make observations from vehicles parked near the gate.
Volunteers will get more than just satisfaction for contributing to knowledge about birds' preferences of seeds.
"We think they should get something for their help." Tate said, "so we plan to give them a

CORNELL CHRONICLE
Published weekly and •:•: distributed free of charge :•:• to Cornell University '••'•; faculty, students, staff and •••. employes by the Office of •:•: Public Information, Arthur :•:• W. Brodeur, director. Mail :•:• subscriptions $10 per •:•: year Editorial office 122 •:•: Day Hall, Ithaca. NY. S 14850. Telephone 256- :•:• 4206 Editor, Robert W. S Smith Managing Editor. •:•: Kal M. Lindenberg Photo :•:• Editor, Russell C Hamilton :•:•

five pound sack of bird si

Thursday, December 16, 1971

CORNELL CHRONICLE 3

Finals Relaxation Program Soothes Tense Students

"Finals and relaxation" may appear to be antonyms to students at this time of year, but they can become synonymous, at least temporarily, when mixed with free cookies and coffee, tension relaxation exercises, rooms for all-night studying, and a chance for sympathetic conversation with an adult.
The soothing combination, called a "finals relaxation program," opened Tuesda.y night in the North Campus Union, Willard Straight Hall and Noyes Center as a joint project of the departments of Dining and University Unions and the Dean of Students Office.
From 8 p.m. until midnight, cookies and coffee will be put out in separate all-night study rooms and tension relaxation rooms in all three unions. During the same hours, each tension relaxation room will be staffed by an adult member of the Cornell community who will be there to talk with students, replenish cookies and help with the relaxation exercises
"We're there to offer temporary relief to students," explained Howard Kramer, associate dean of students who is coordinating the program with Jenele Buttery, student activities assistant in the

same office Kramer said the exercises are on audio-
tapes lasting from 1 5 to 20 minutes each. Each tape contains a series of instructions telling the participants to tighten or relax a series of muscles or muscle groups. Students are invited to drop in throughout the evening. The tapes will be run as often as there are students wanting to do the exercises
All-night study rooms are: second floor lounge. North Campus Union; third floor lounge and meeting rooms, Noyes Center and the Memorial Room. Willard Straight Hall.
The tension relaxation rooms are: Room 316 and the private dining rooms. North Campus Union; music lounge. Noyes Center and the International Lounge, Willard Straight Hall.
Volunteer adults staffing the relaxation rooms are from the offices of guidance and testing, dean of students, international students, university religious affairs. Arts and Sciences advising and from University Unions. Members of a group of lay counselors called EARS — Empathy. Assistance and Referral Service — will also help.

BOOKING IT—Two students work intently to prepare for final exams in the Straight Memorial Room, which is open all night. See additional photos on Pages 6-7.
Kramer said the program will definitely possibility of extending on into the week. continue through Sunday in the Straight The program at Noyes Center will and in the North Campus Union, with the continue through Wednesday

Senate Gives Unofficial Approval Alice Burgoin, 69

To Campus Life Division Budget

Alice M. Burgoin. 69. emeritus professor of institution management in the New York State College of Human Ecology

Service Executive Board and member of the advisory committee for Food Service Administration Department of

The Cornell University Senate could give only unofficial approval to the approximately $16.3 million at Cornell University, died last the New York State Technical

Campus Life budget at its meeting Tuesday night The Senate failed to maintain a quorum of 69 senators Wednesday at Arnot Ogden School at Morrisville! NY. She

at the end of the meeting. An unofficial vote, however, showed approval of the budget by 57-8 with one Hospital in Elmira. She made her was also chairman of the college

abstention.

home at 10 Woodcrest Avenue. section of the American School

The budget will go before the Board of Trustees for approval at the January 21-22 meeting J. Robert In 1932 Professor Burgoin Food Service Association. For

Cooke. speaker of the Senate, said after the meeting that constitutionally the Senate would have to joined the faculty of the New three extended periods she

approve the budget at its next meeting Jan. 25. The Senate did have a quorum for most of the meeting York State College of Home served as acting head of the

and defeated several amendments to the budget having to do with athletics allocations

Economics. During her first year institution management de-

No basic changes in the budget were made. The allocation for women's athletic teams was changed in the department of institution partment.

from $7,500 to $6,000 because of a surplus of $1,500 this year The $6,000 figure remained as one of management, she wrote a recipe

Since her retirement in 1964,

seven "add-on" allocations that must be approved by the trustees separate from the budget.

book entitled "Large Quantity Miss Burgoin had been active in

The most controversial and confusing discussion concerned approximately $40,000 that Cornell will Recipes."

church, hospital, and other

receive from the televising of the Cornell-Dartmouth football game. In the budget. $10,000 of this money At her retirement, Professor volunteer projects She also had

was allocated as income in the athletics budget The Campus Life committee said that they understood Burgoin was an advisor to the served on national committees

from the administration that the remainder of the money would be used over several years so as not to New York State School Food related to school food service.

distort the income picture of the athletics department ' Senator Ellen Mandell made several motions that would have increased the television income for this year to $25,000, reduced the University subsidy of $480,000 to about $464,000, and added $25,000 to

W. L. Hewitt, 54

the student housing budget to preclude rent increases in graduate and married student housing.

William Leonard Hewitt. 54, Environmental Engineering,

After considerable discussion. Speaker Cooke ruled the motions out of order. It was not clear whether died at his home at 17 Muriel St associate professor of civil and

the Senate had the authority to give income from one division to another or direct a division to spend Monday after a long illness. He environmental engineering, and

income all in one year furthermore, the telvision money was not officially part of the budget and it was was the assistant director of the associate professor of highway

not certain whether the Senate could put such money into the budget.

S c h o o l of C i v i l and engineering in the Department of

During the meeting — in questioning Jon T. Anderson,

Memorial to

Cornell Scientist

Agricultural Engineering He received a BCE degree
from Cornell's School of

director of athletics — it was not
made clear whether the athletics
department had this extra
television money to use in the
coming year. Anderson said in response to one question that the money might be used to make repairs on Lynah Rink.
After the meeting he clarified to a group of senators that he would have to ask the administration and trustees for authority to use the money for repairs.
Anderson said that the pipe that carries brine to the rink is "fairly well rotted out" and may break at any time. In addition he said that the department is spending about $6,000 a year on water for the rink because present equipment does not recirculate water that cools the brine

Reading Room to Honor Rosenblatt

A reading room in Langmuir Laboratory is being planned by colleagues and friends of Frank Rosenblatt as a memorial to the Cornell scientist who died in a boating accident in Chesapeake Bay on July 1 1 Rosenblatt was associate professor of neurobiology and behavior and director of the Cognitive Systems Research Program in the Division of Biological Sciences.
The idea for the reading room was conceived by Maurice Rosenblatt of Washington,DC. the brother of Frank, and Richard D. O'Brien, director of the division.
O'Brien said the Frank Rosenblatt Reading Room would be a place where students and professors can keep abreast of current literature and meet in a relaxed atmosphere. O'Brien said this would be "in accordance with Frank's views about the importance of such relationships in the developing life of the student."
Room 155 on the first floor of the laboratory has been designated as the location for the new reading room and the division has agreed to

perform the construction necessary tp convert it into a reading room.
A Frank Rosenblatt Memorial Fund has been established and the first monies collected would be used to provide such things as rugs and chairs for the room. O'Brien said.
"Also." he added, "it is hoped that there will be sufficient funds to sustain an ongoing endowment of not less than $20,000 to provide income to support the purchase of scientific periodicals and texts. These would be selected by trustees of the fund, a group of three professors elected annually by the Section of Neurobiology and Behavior"
The collection would be started. O'Brien said, by Rosenblatt's own scientific library and writings. Examples of Rosenblatt's broad interests in other fields such as music and art also would be included in the reading room.
Persons wishing to contribute to the fund may make checks payable to Cornell University and send them to the Frank Rosenblatt Memorial Fund. 200 Stimson Hall. Cornell University. Ithaca, NY 14850.

Chemical Engineering in 1948 and MCE degree in 1950. He became an assistant professor of civil engineering here in 1953. He was named associate professor. head of civil engineering graphics, and admissions officer for the School of Civil Engineering in 1957
Hewitt was licensed to practice professional engineering in New York State and had written a number of papers, bulletins and articles for technical publications. His biography appeared in American Men of Science, and he had served on a number of University committees.
Survivors include his wife. Myrtie Hewitt, and a son, two sisters and five brothers. Wagner Funeral Home is in charge of the private funeral. Burial will be in East Lawn Cemetery. There will be no calling hours.

4 CORNELL CHRONICLE

Thursday, December 16, 1971

Complete Text of Action Plan

A Plan of Action for Financing

Background

Higher Education in the State of New York Higher education in New York State must be viewed as

—December, 1971 a total system. Thus, serious problems in a major

segment of the system affect the entire system, and

This plan was prepared on behalf of the Commission on Independent Colleges and Universities, an association of 106 private institutions of higher education in the

proposed solutions must be examined in terms of their effect on the total system. The system itself and its educational product are assets of inestimable value to the

State, by a committee of New York's private universities: State. Accordingly, the grave financial problems of higher

Cornell University. President Dale R. Corson. education are of deep concern to the government and the Chairman; Columbia University. President William J. people of the State of New York

McGill; Fordham University. President Michael P. Walsh. In this State the system of higher education is made up

S.J.; New York University, President James M Hester: of the State University of New York with its many two-

Syracuse University, Chancellor Melvin A. Eggers; The year, four-year, and graduate and professional units; the

University of Rochester. Chancellor W. Allen Wallis: City University of New York with its variety of two-year,

Commission on Independent Colleges and Universities of four-year, and graduate facilities; and the over 100

the State of New York. Chairman John W. Chandler private colleges and universities.

(President. Hamilton College).

New York State can be proud of its system of higher

education. It is the largest system in the nation, with over

800.000 students enrolled in graduate and

Summary and

undergraduate degree programs. It has the largest number of universities, offering outstanding graduate and

Recommendations

professional as well as undergraduate programs. The full impact of New York's unique public-private system on the

New York State is in a crisis in the financing of higher education. The elements of this crisis are:
1. Forty per cent more student places must be provided in New York State in the 1970's.
2. A huge number of the present student places (43% of the total) are jeopardized by the impending financial collapse of the State's private colleges and universities.
3 Burdens on the State's taxpayers are already excessive, and higher education is only one of many urgent demands.
New York's problem is to accommodate the numbers of students for whom a higher education must be provided at the lowest cost to the taxpayer It will be enormously costly for the State to provide the needed student spaces if the private institutions are forced to close their doors or to be absorbed into the State structure. Some additional assistance for the private institutions, coupled with a first step toward a sound longterm plan for financing higher education. wiJI minimize the taxpayers' burden in the years ahead.
An analysis of the financial crisis facing the State's system of higher education is presented in this paper,

cultural, intellectual, professional, and economic environment in the State is impossible to measure quantitatively, yet there can be no doubt that all institutions and individuals benefit and prosper from the presence of an extensive high quality system of higher education.
Some quantitative measurements of economic impact are possible. For example, about $320 million in federal funds flow into the State each year for research and training activities at institutions of higher education." This kind of statistic, however, does not begin to measure the real economic impact of a quality system; this would have to be expressed in terms of the educated men and women who work, teach, and live in the State and who help it grow and prosper. Even this does not take into account the new knowledge developed by the faculties, or the direct services of the institutions to the general public, to business, and to government at all levels.
"Ten per cent of the federal investment in research and training at universities comes to New York State. More than half of that is brought in by the six major private universities in the State. See Appendix A.

followed by discussion of key elements of a long-term
plan, as well as immediate plans, for financing higher Problems in the State's System of Higher

education in the State.

Education

The long-term plan should be phased in over three to four years. It consists, in summary, of the following:
1. Public institutions should extend user charges to cover their full educational costs, including instructional expense and such student-related expenses as those for meals, rooms, and health services. This will introduce a new source of revenue from those students who, with their parents, can afford to pay all or part of the full educational costs at the public colleges and universities
2. At the same time, the Scholar Incentive program should be expanded to the point where the maximum awards, for students with the greatest need, cover the full user charges at the public institutions. The awards should be usable by the student at the New York institution of his choice, whether public or private..
For the 1972-73 budget, to be presented shortly to the Legislature, the private colleges and universities propose the following program:
1. As a first step toward a new long-term financing plan for New York's higher education system, the State's Scholar Incentive program for 1972-73 should be expanded from its maximum of $600 to a maximum of $1.500. This should be accompanied by a system of user charges at the public institutions which will offset most of all the cost of the expanded Scholar Incentive program.
2. Bundy aid should be continued at least at present levels. A reduction now in this institutional aid would be disastrous for many private institutions. The long-term financing plan presented herein will permit a gradual phasing out of this form of non-categorical institutional aid.
3. A temporary emergency fund should be established to sustain those private institutions facing immediate financial disaster. This fund should be administered on a statewide basis.
4. Categorical aid programs should be continued at least at present levels.

Despite its strengths. New York State faces serious problems in higher education. Some of these are related to the rapid expansion in the system, both past and projected. Undergraduate enrollments alone have grown from 209.200 in 1961 to 439.400 in 1970 Yet the opportunities for a higher education must be expanded still further, especially for those who have not heretofore had access to higher education. The State Education Department estimates a need for 638.000 undergraduate places by 1980 — an increase in capacity of over 40%
With growth has come a huge increase in cost. Planned expansion in enrollments and facilities will mean a continued rapid rise in cost over the next decade. This cost has been and is supported by a variety of funding sources, including tax monies, tuitions and fees, gifts, endowment income, and federal support for research and training. It is essential that expansion in the 197O's be achieved with the maximum use of non-tax sources so that the minimum burden falls on the New York State taxpayer. Similarly, it is essential that growth be achieved without overbuilding — i.e.. through carefully planned use of all existing facilities, public and private. Declining enrollments at a number of private institutions currently result in an underutilization of facilities in the system. Vacancies are now estimated at more than 15,000. • Clearly, this is wasteful.
This paper addresses itself specifically to the financial plight of the private institutions. Private colleges and universities are, of course, a major segment of the system, both in the number of students and the range and quality of academic activities. New York, in fact, has the largest number of students in private institutions of any state. New York's private institutions currently enroll about 43% of the students in the system. The State University enrolls 42%. and the City University enrolls 15%. (See Appendix B.) The private institutions offer a wide , vanetv of educational opportunities and are
iiii

responsible for two-thirds of the graduate and professional education — the most advanced and costly parts of higher education.
As indicated above, the State's private colleges and universities are in serious financial trouble, and the situation is rapidly growing worse. Some institutions are in fact close to insolvency; others are approaching that situation; all private colleges and universities are in financial difficulty. As private institutions become unable to support themselves, the State will be forced to make up the difference, either through greater expansion in the State or City University or through some form of absorption of the failing institutions.
Each student who is displaced from a private institution because of its financial collapse — or who is forced by hiah user charges from a private to a public college — will impose an immense burden on the State taxpayer. The burden on the taxpayer will be several times the cost of a judicious, timely investment in State aid to private higher education and a plan for realistic user charges
The Financial Problem of the Private Colleges and Universities
How serious is the problem? Many recent studies document the plight of private
colleges and universities throughout the country and in New York State:
The American Association of Colleges (the Jellema Report) studied 507 private institutions in 1970-71 and found that 122 would exhaust their liquid assets within one year. The Carnegie Commission (the Cheit Report) examined 41 representative institutions in 1970 and classified them by the degree of their financial problems. (New York University. Syracuse and Hamilton College were the only New York institutions included.) Eleven were found to be "in financial difficulty." including NYU. Nineteen were classified as "headed for financial trouble," including Syracuse Only twelve were classified as "not in financial trouble " A study by the New York State Education Department (the Mercer Report) in April, 1971. found that the institutions receiving Bundy aid for the years 1967 through 1970 had a total deficit of $76 mill Ton.
Deficits reported for New York's six major private universities, excluding medical schools, totaled $15,880,000 in 1969. $23,439,000 in 1970. and $29,920,000 for'the year ended in June. 1971 Without the State's Bundy aid to these universities, the situation would have been much worse.
To make up for these deficits the universities have sold and borrowed against those endowment and other assets that are legally available. In the period 1966-71 the six institutions sold $74 million in endowment assets and borrowed over $50 million to cover deficits for that period and those accumulated earlier.
How long can an institution continue to support deficits? Only so long as it has liquid assets to cover them. In the case of New York University, one of the nation's largest and most prestigious private universities, the exhaustion of liquid assets is close at hand The same is true of a number of private four-year institutions. Others will reach the end of the road during the next few years A serious financial reverse, such as a reduction in State institutional support, will sharply accelerate the process of financial collapse. It should be noted that no significant assistance from the federal government is in sight. What Caused the Financial Problems of the Private Institutions?
The financial problems of all colleges and universities, public and private, have two underlying causes. Inflation, and the increased demands on these institutions for educational programs and services. Inflation has brought steadily rising costs. All costs, particularly salaries and benefits, have risen rapidly, as they have in the economy as a whole. Interest rates have been unusually high. The cost of construction has skyrocketed. Other costs have risen as well.
Along with the impact of inflation have come growing operating costs resulting from the greater responsibilities and demands placed on institutions of higher education. A 1968 Carnegie Commission study points out that, partly in response to intellectual developments — i.e.. the "knowledge explosion" — and partly in response to national needs, these institutions have greatly increased their commitments to new. varied and often costly fields
» II T> • • : •> l ; .> i i r.

Thursday December 16, 1971

for Financing Higher Education

of study. Examples are biochemistry, plasma physics, the non-western world, and black studies. Other programs have reflected increasing demands that colleges and universities help to solve critical social problems — urban, environmental, etc. Additional expensive demands are made by mandated programs — including such important but costly programs as those designed to eliminate discrimination against racial minorities and women.

over-stretched State and City tax revenues.

Association of University Professors survey of faculty

It is evident that the plight of the private institutions will salaries: The compensation of full professors at the six

worsen unless the gap between their user charges and private universities is shown as nearly $2,000/year less

those of the public institutions is narrowed. To the extent than their counterparts in the four major SUNY centers.

this cannot be done immediately, interim measures must For 1970-71. the SUNY Center professors received

be adopted.

salary increases averaging over 12.6%; those in the six

Have Private Colleges and Universities Cut Costs to Keep private universities averaged 5.4%. The disparities are of

Tuition Down?

the same order in other faculty ranks as well.

Yes. The State's private colleges and universities have What Will Happen if State Support for Private Institutions

Because private institutions for the most part lack the support of tax monies, they have had to raise tuitions to try to cover their rising costs. Such institutions would have had trouble making income cover costs in any event, but the problem has been greatly exacerbated by the rapidly growing disparity between user charges at private and public institutions. Faced with this disparity, more and more students have lost the option of attending

in fact affected severe economies through institution- is Not Continued and Enlarged?

wide cost reduction programs. Over the State these If State programs of financial support for private

actions are typical:

institutions of higher education are not continued and

Academic programs have been curtailed, including expanded, and if the system of user charges is not

some of high quality;

altered, private colleges will begin to go under, one by

Previously college-supported or subsidized services one. or perhaps ten by ten When such institutions close,

have been put on self-supporting bases; or dropped;

those students needing financial aid will have to be

Faculty leaves for research have been drastically absorbed into the New York tax-supported institutions,

a private institution — strictly because of cost. Such a red uced;

since scholarship assistance at other private institutions

decision should be based on academic rather than solely

Pay increases, especially for faculty and administrators, cannot be expanded to accommodate them Other failing

financial considerations. Private colleges and universities have been severely limited; *

institutions will in various ways be absorbed into the tax-

have attempted to lessen the impact of high tuitions on

Library acquisitions have been cut and regional supported parts of the system

low and moderate income families by liberal scholarship, cooperative programs instituted to share resources;

What Will It Cost the State if Private Institutions Fail?

loan, and student work programs, but inevitably these

Much construction and modernization has been halted; As private institutions fail, or must be absorbed into the

institutions have experienced falling enrollment, or, more

Maintenance has been deferred.

State University, there will be two kinds of costs to the

people of the State: A serious increase in the tax burden

Total Deficits—In Thousands

and a serious erosion in the quality of the total system of higher education in the State.

New York Univ. Syracuse Columbia Cornell Fordham Rochester Total

69-70
Actual Without
Bundy $ 4.568 $ 9.236
1.000 3.102 13.839 16.496
1.976 3.370 0 1.040
2.056 3.007 $23,439 $36,251

70-71
Actual Without Bundy
$ 6.756 $11,317 3.200 5.630 16.000 19.047 1.856 3.388 0 1.117 2.108 3.175
$29,920 $43,674

71-72 estimates
Budget Without
Bundy
$ 9.840 $14,500 4.700 7.100 10.800 13.831 1.454 3.000 500 1.500 2.350 3.500
$.29,644 $43,431

The projected 1971-72 deficit for the six private universities, assuming Bundy aid continues

on the current basis, is $29,644,000.

Sources of income for the system of higher education include tax monies, user charges paid by students, gifts, endowment income, and grants and contracts for research and training activities To minimize the cost of higher education to the States taxpayers, it is essential that the non-tax income brought into the system by the private institutions be preserved. The State's six major private universities alone generate much non-tax income.
In 1969-70 tuition and fees at these institutions amounted to $189 million. Gifts and endowment income came to $45 5 million. Federal payments for research and training activities totaled $167 million. (In contrast. Bundy aid to these six private universities came to only

$12.8 million for that year)

particularly, declining tuition income relative to total cost.

In 1970-71 the six private universities alone expended

$29,897,000 of their own resources for financial aid to

students. (See Appendix C.) Even so, many private

institutions are now operating below capacity and are

having touble filling their freshman classes and even

greater difficulty filling their graduate rolls.

(Note that expenditures by the six private universities

for student aid almost exactly equal their combined

deficits for the same period.!

The contrast between enrollment trends at public and

private institutions is clear from the experience of the six

major private universities in relation to the four major

SUNY centers — Buffalo. Albany, Stony Brook, and

Binghamton:

"y

In 1967. the six private universities had 68% of the

total undergraduate enrollment of the ten institutions. In

four years, this has dropped to 56%

In 1966-67 the private universities enrolled 74% of

the graduate, professional, undergraduate students in the

ten institutions. By 1970-71, despite increased aid to

students, this had dropped to 63%.

In the past two years alone, the six private institutions

have lost ground in numbers of students, while the

comparable enrollment at the four SUNY centers has

risen 29%. Over the full four-year period the SUNY

increase was 72%. (See Appendix D.)

The point here is not that growth of State and City

universities should be halted. On the contrary, their

growth is essential if the system is to meet its accepted

obligation to provide new opportunities for increasing

numbers of State residents who are candidates for higher

education. The problem is that this growth, under the

present system of minimal user charges, has drawn

students away from the private institutions, with these

results in the private sector:

Institutions have operated at less than full capacity,

hence at higher per-student cost, leading (with other

factors) to higher.tuition charges;

Their financial stability is seriously jeopardized.

Apart from the apparent waste of unused resources,

these dysfunctions have also aggravated the problems of

the State and City universities: They have tended to

overaccelerate their growth, compounding their already

great space problems, hampering their efforts to maintain

high quality, and adding to their demands upon "already

A few specific examples serve to illustrate the steps The non-tax income is tremendously important to the

being taken by all private institutions. Syracuse University State's system of higher education. It explains in

has ceased all new and replacement hiring, and has considerable part why New York State, though it has the

stopped all raises for faculty and administrative staff until largest system, ranks 47th in the nation in the fraction of

at least January 1973. Columbia University has sharply its taxes devoted to higher education

reduced its administrative staff and has entirely To understand the potential impact of the loss of non-

eliminated its separate theater arts program New York tax revenues on the total system, it may be helpful to

University will fill no vacancies and has instituted a salary visualize a river of funds driving a turbine representing the

freeze for the next budget year. These institutions, and all higher education system The river is made up of tax

the others, have undertaken many other.programs to cut monies and non-tax monies As private institutions

operating costs.

disappear, non-tax monies will decline. The flow of funds

There is a point, however, beyond which cost.reduction in the river will be reduced. To keep the turbine going at

seriously jeopardizes the character of the educational even the present speed (i.e.. to maintain current

institution This is just as true for a public institution like enrollments), the flow of tax monies will have to make up

SUNY as it is for a private college or university For the difference. The burden on the taxpayer will increase

example, major changes in faculty-student ratios to Stated in its simplest terms, the collapse of private

reduce costs can dramatically lower the quality of colleges and universities will mean even higher taxes for

education The instructional process in education is the people of New York State.

communication between teacher and pupil. Some of that If private institutions, largely supported by non-tax

activity can take place in large classes, and technological sources, close their doors or are absorbed into the public

advances can and have increased the number of students sector, much tuition income will be lost. Much gift

one professor can reach. Much of the communication, income, including funds from out of state, will be lost.

however, involves active participation and feedback Some endowment income will be lost where such assets

between professor and student and the close meeting of cannot be transferred to State ownership Certainly

two minds on a difficult problem. Technical aids to additions to endowment principal will be much curtailed

instruction do not assist this process, and an increase in Some federal support of research and training activities

the student to faculty ratio in fact impairs it.

will be lost, surely, if programs have to be shut down The

Similarly, requirements that faculty teach a stipulated, replacement for all these will have to come from the New

uniform number of class hours, at the expense of their York taxpayer.

scholarly and research activities and less-structured The other kind of cost to the people of the State is in

student contacts, will undermine the quality of education. the quality of the State's system of higher education. The

Particularly today, a teacher in higher education must public institutions have grown in quality as well as size. It

keep abreast of his field; otherwise what he is teaching in is not a justifiable assumption that private institutions

the classroom is swiftly outdated. Moreover, the teacher absorbed into the public system will decline in quality

who is active in research can convey to his students the provided that State support is adequate What will be lost

excitement of uncovering new knowledge and is thus to the State.however, is the rich diversity which has long

more likely to remain a stimulating teacher throughout characterized the State system and is essential to its

his career. Finally, a basic function of universities is to quality. Just as the lives of individuals—their interests,

increase knowledge through research. Besides the their work, and their talents—exhibit great variety, so

benefits of that knowledge to the State's industry, should an educational system provide variety in program

government and public, it is essential to the training of and discipline This is certainly one kind of human activity

advanced students, both undergraduate and graduate, where a rich mosaic of many parts is preferable to a

who will themselves conduct research and staff the single, large, less diverse structure.

educational institutions.

The structure of New York's higher education has been

"The effect of the tight salary budgets of private designed for dive'rsity The University of the State of New

'universities is1 evident in''the summer 1971'American Continued on Page 8

6 CORNELL CHRONICLE

Drama Group To Present

Bulletin

Play by Kesey
The first major theatrical production of the Saltmine Drama Co-op, a community theatre project sponsored by the Centre for Religion, Ethics and Social Policy at Cornell, will open tonight at 8 p m. in Anabel Taylor Hall Auditorium
"One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest." a long-running play in New York and San Francisco, will be presented through Saturday night here Tickets for all performances are $1.50. The play by Dale Wasserman is based on the novel by Ken Kesey and is set in a mental institution in the Northwi
More than 40 people from the Cornell and Ithaca community are involved in the production, according to Tim Hunt, a graduate student who is director of The Commons in Anabel Taylor Hall
Hunt said the Saltmine group has several other projects either under way or planned In the spring they hope to have a "mini-
ire" circuit through which they will present one-act plays in Tompkins County.
Hunt said he hoped this we production would help to recruit more people into the group and urged anyone who is intere in working in any capacity to contact him at the Commons.

of the Faculty

(Publication of this Bulletin is supervised by the Secretary of the University Faculty Robert M. Cotts, 315 Day Hall, 256-4843.)

Slate of Nominees For

Nominations and Elections Committee

The Nominations Committee is offering the following slate of 16 nominees to be voted upon by the University Faculty for the nine seats available on the Nominations and Elections Committee. Additional nominations will be received from the floor from both Faculty and FCR members at the FCR meeting today. The nominees will not be paired. Those nominees on the ballot receiving the largest number of votes will be elected except that no more than two may be elected from any one school or college. The staggered terms will be asigned on the basis of votes received among the nine elected.
M. H. Abrams, Frederick J. Whiton Professor of English.
Vance A. Christian, Associate Professor, Hotel Adminis tration.
Thomas R. Dyckman, Professor. B&PA.
Frederick Jelinek. Associate Professor. Electrical Engin eering.
William T. Keeton, Professor and Chairman, N'eurobiology and Behavior.
Robert W. Kirk, Professor and Head, Small Animal Medicine and Surgery.
Duncan M. Maclntyre,

Professor, ILR. Robert McGinnis, Professor,
Sociology. Robert S. Pasley, Professor.
Law. Richard M. Phelan, Professor,
Mechanical Engineering, Mechanical Systems and Design..
Robert L. Plaisted, Professor and Head, Plant Breeding and Biometry.
Henry N. Ricciuti, Professor and Chairman, Human Development & Family Studies.
Jerry Margaret Rivers, Associate Professor, Human Nutrition and Food.
Edwin E. Salpeter. Professor. Physics, Astrophysics, Nuclear Studies.
Sidney Saltzman, Associate Professor, City and Regional Planning.
Daniel G. Sisler, Professor, Agricultural Economics.
Special FCR Meeting
(Note Room Change.)
There will be a special meeting of the Faculty Council of Representatives at 4:30 p.m. today. Dec. 16. in Bache Auditorium, Malott Hall.

Financial Plan Developed

Continued from Page 1 year ending this June The report says the situation would have been much worse without the Bundy

The projected total deficit for the six private universities, assuming Bundy aid continues on the current basis, is $29,664,000 for 1971-72 Without Bundy aid this figure would exceed $43 million.

The report says that some of the priva

Hid colleges have been making up

their deficits by selling and borrowing against those

endowments which are legally available. From

1 966 to 1971, the six private universities sold $74

million in endowment assets and borrowed more

than $50 million to cover current deficits and th

nulated earlier.

In answering

n "How I

institution continue to support deficits?." the report as: "Only so long as it has liquid assets to cover

m. In the case of New York University ... * exhaustion of liquid assets is close at hand The

io is true of a number of four-year private lutions Others will reach the end of the road

during the next few years reduction in state institutional support will sharply accelerate the

process of financial collapse." The report says the underlying causes of tl

financial plight of colleges and universities inflation and the increased demands on and

responsibilities accepted by institutions of higl

education Concerning the user charges and Scholar

Incentive Plan, which should be phased in over some five years, the CICU report says "It is evident

also that the plight of private institutions will worsen unless the gap between their user charges

and those of the public institutions is narrowed."

This contention, according to the report, arises not out of the argument "that growth of state and city universities should be halted. On the contrary, their growth is essential if the system is to me accepted obligation to provide new opportunities for increasing numbers of State residents..."
The report states further that "this growth, under the present systejn of minimal user charges, has drawn students from the private institutions" with two negative results private institutions have operated at less than full capacity with consequent higher per student costs and tuitions: and the
ial stability of the private institutions has been seriously jeopardized.
The report contends that the private sector's problems have also aggravated the problems of the state and city universities. "They have tended to
iccelerate their growth, compounding their already great space problems, hampering their efforts to maintain quality, and adding to their demands upon already over-stretched state and city tax revenues "
The CIQU report continues by saying that private colleges and universities in the State have affected "severe" economies and that cost reduction programs have been developed in all institutions Marginal academic programs have been curtailed Faculty research leaves of absence have been drastically reduced Pay increases, especially for faculty and administrators, have been severely limited. Much construction and modernization has been halted. Maintenance has been deferred.
However, the report says, there is a point "beyond which cost reduction seriously jeopardizes the character of the educational institution. This is just as true for-a public institution like the State University of New York as it is for a private college or university "

Thursday, Dece

16 1971
Booking at the Straight ^
I/ m

CORNELL CHORNICLE 7

t endent
In an approach to improving operating economy, the Department of Buildings and Properties is attacking one of the major non-productive expenses of operating Cornell — waste heat The cost of heating the Cornell physical plant amounts to almost $2 million per year. Even a small reduction, proportionally, in this figure is a significant amount.
Last winter the ventilating systems of several of the more modern buildings which had been discharging heated air into the atmosphere 24 hours a day were largely shut down during periods when the buildings were unoccupied. The resultant savings were important enough

to warrant extending the practice to all the campus buildings having high air-charge rates.
Economy measures in buildings having less sophisticated heating and ventilating systems are neither as easy nor as rewarding as in the new buildings. However, it has been noted that a high proportion of the complaints regarding building comfort result from too much, rather than too little heat. Temperatures in older buildings tend to be high for a number of reasons, such as inadequate controls and exposed uninsulated piping . Therefore, in an attempt to economize, and at the same time, to improve comfort, heating controls are going to be set for lower temperatures (70 degrees in most cases) in most of Cornell's older buildings.
It is recognized that malfunctions in heating system elements — controls, convectors, piping, etc may produce isolated instances of discomfort when the over-all building temperature is lower, but these can, and will, be corrected more effectively when the heating system is operating

at a proper level. All cases of system malfunctions should be reported promptly to the Department of Buildings and Properties. Service Desk. Ext 64739
Sage Notes
Special applications for National Defense Foreign Language (NDEA VI) Fellowships are not available in the Fellowship Office. Sage Graduate Center This program is designed to encourage graduate students (U.S. Citizens) who intend to teach certain foreign languages or to use them in some other public service. At Cornell these fellowships are available in the areas of East Asia, East Europe. Latin America, and Southeast Asia. Completed applications are due at the Graduate School no later than Feb 1. 1972
If you have any doubt as to your eligibility, please check with the Area Programs listed above.

Cornell Considers Program at Arecibo For Puerto Rico U.
Cornell and the University of Puerto Rico (UPR) are considering a program which would allow UPR students and faculty members to do a portion of their degree work at the National Astronomy and Ionosphere Center (NAIC). NAIC is a national research center operated by Cornell for the National Science Foundation (NSF) near Arecibo. a city on the north coast of the island
Plans for the cooperative program were disclosed last week by Miss Leticia del Rosario, dean of studies at UPR, at the 1 36th meeting of the American Astronomical Society in San Juan. About 350 astronomers and space scientists from all parts of the world attended the meeting
Frank D Drake, director of the NAIC and professor of astronomy at Cornell, has held several meetings with UPR officials to iron out details.
Miss Del Rosario said an agreement is expected within a year that would make it possible for UPR students and faculty to obtain doctoral degrees in physics with a specialization in radio astronomy. She said such a move would constitute "one of the major accomplishments" in the field of physics at UPR in more than 20 years
UPR. which has more than 36,000 students, has its principal campus in Rio Piedras on the outskirts of San Juan. At the present time it is possible to earn a doctor of philosophy degree at UPR only in chemistry and Spanish studies.

Arecibo Gets New
Power Line Feed
Therm Inc. of Ithaca has started fabrication of a new high power line feed for the National Astronomy and Ionosphere Center (NCIA) that will improve tenfold the observatory's radar capability in planetary astronomy and ionospheric research.
Cornell, which operates the center in Arecibo. Puerto Rico, granted a $93,270 contract to Therm for fabrication of the unit which is expected to be installed next spring. The NAIC is a national research center operated under contract with the National Science Foundation (NSF)
Frank D Drake, director of the center, said the feed will give astronomers working at the observatory much greater capability in developing radar maps of the nearby planets and the moon and will enable more detailed observations of radio sources in deep space. The greater capability will enable the accuracy of ionospheric studies to be improved in«many respects. Drake said.
The feed is a cylindrical aluminum unit made up of 84 sections It will be 90 5 feet long and 38 6 inches in diameter at the top, tapering down to about 16 inches. Suspended 435 feet above the 1,000-foot-diameter reflector or dish of the giant radio telescope, the feed will be used to direct radio energy down to the reflector and to receive radio signals collected by the reflector.
The new line feed will operate at a frequency of 430 Megahertz.

List of Recent Promotions

Betty Hatch. Bursar, Senior Clerk - Senior Account Clerk.
Delores Fuller, Bursar. Student Account Clerk - Senior Clerk
Raymond S Tsang, General Services, Bus Driver Trainee Bus Driver.
Thomas D Flanders. General Services. Bus Driver Trainee Bus Driver
Bertha Petersen. Biological Sciences. Senior Account Clerk Chief Account Clerk.
Katharine Sinko. Engineering. Department Secretary Administrative Secretary.
Robin Bryce. Geneva. Field Assistant - Field Assistant 2

Dolores Young. Chemistry Department. Stenographer Laboratory Technician
Genya Yarkoni, White Art Museum, Stenographer 3 Administrative Aide 1.
Arthur Morland, Geneva, Field Assistant 1 - Field Assistant 2
Janice Downes, Personnel. Department Secretary Administrative Clerk Trainee.
Carol MacDonald, University Development, Records Clerk Department Secretary
Sylvia Epp. University Unions, Account Clerk - Senior Account Clerk.
Byron McCalmon, Registrar,

Assistant Director Student Records and Finance - Acting Registrar.
James Lyor,, Scholarships and Financial Aid, Assistant Director Director, Student Employment.
Rachel Manweiler. Chemistry Department, Research Aide Laboratory Technician
Marcia Crans. Vegetable Crops. Stenographer II Stenographer III
Harold Ralston. Geneva. Field Assistant - Field Assistant II
Dorothea Wilbiw. Registrar. Typist - Senior Clerk

CORNELL CHRONICLE

Thursday, December 16, 1971

Complete Text of Action Plan

Continued from Page 5
York includes all the institutions of higher education, public and private. The governing body is the Board of Regents. The President of the University of the State of •New York is the State Commissioner of Education. This is a brilliant concept in its possibilities, and a fundamentally sound organization of higher education—one that encompasses an extraordinary variety of academic resources and opportunities. It is adaptable to the future needs of the State. If institutions and programs are homogenized through the erosion of independence or through the loss of private institutions, the people of the State will be poorer.
A Plan of Action
Objectives
This plan has been developed with certain objectives and guidelines in mind. These have, in part, been borrowed from standards suggested by others.
1. New York's system of public-private education should continue to be developed along comprehensive and varied lines.
2. Opportunities for higher education should be extended to students of all income levels.
3. Private and public institutions should share the responsibility of serving the economically and educationally disadvantaged
4. A New York student's financial means should not limit his choice of college or university.
5. The taxpayer should not bear the burden of any part of the educational costs which the student can afford to pay. regardless of whether he attends a private or public institution
6. Expansion of public and private institutions should proceed on a planned, coordinated basis—encouraging diversity. avoiding unnecessary duplication and overbuilding.
7 All Regent-accredited institutions of higher education should be constitutionally eligible for State aid
8. Maximum freedom and encouragement for each institution to attract and use outside funds for student aid and program enrichment should be provided
9. Programs of public support should be developed and State budgets should be timed to permit each institution to make long-range plans, financial and programmatic.
JO. Institutions of higher education, while certainly accountable to the public for their programs, should not be subject to direct and detailed public intervention in their operations.
11 Marginal support to assure the survival and strength of a private institution should have preference over the enormously more costly alternative of replacement or absorption by the public structure
Responsibilities of the Private Institutins
The first responsibility of an institution or of an educational system is to students: The primary charge to colleges and universities is to provide the opportunity to pursue the knowledge, to develop the skills they need and seek. The more nearly the total educational system provides students with variety and true freedom of choice, the more nearly is this responsibility likely to be met. Each institution must satisfy the student's educational needs or he will go elsewhere.
An institution's second responsibility is to society at large This responsibility relates only in part to the fact that public funds in various ways support needs not met by student payments, gifts, endowment income, and the like. Private and public institutions should make it possible for society to judge their effectiveness by reporting their income and expenditures, educational achievements, admissions policy, enrollments, curricula, and facilities—both current and projected. In the State of New York this information is already public or is actively being gathered for submission to the State as part of the 1972 Master Plan for Higher Education.
The public is appropriately concerned with the control of costs, and the private institutions accept their responsibility in this area. It would be useful to develop a program for valid cost comparisons in the State system However, this task is immensely complicated by the great differences among educational programs and the corresponding differences in costs and in accounting. Specialized programs in brain research or plasma physics cannot be compared with programs in linguistics or education Costs would have to be allocated with respect

to level and subject, and agreement reached on allocation of sponsored research funds, costs of patient care, library, summer school, computer, overhead, and the like. Unless such studies are done on a uniform basis in all institutions, valid comparisons are not possible. In particular, gross calculations of cost per full time equivalent student are seriously misleading if they do not take into account the different kinds and levels of student programs.
The public also has a legitimate interest in the levels of user charges in both private and tax-supported institutions. In the context of the proposed long-term plan, the private institutions accept the responsibility (and the challenge) to compete effectively through the quality of their programs and the levels of their user charges. The real control of user charges will be in the hands of students who will be free to choose their college or university. If a private institution unwarrantedly raises its user charges above those of a public institution offering a comparable program, some students will leave, or fewer will apply, or the college will be obliged to use its private funds to complement the Scholar Incentive award
Private, along with public institutions, have also a responsibility to contribute to the total educational needs of society Private universities with complex graduate and research programs contain valuable special knowledge, equipment, and trained people. There are many social problems whose solution is facilitated by access to the resources of such institutions. The universities have a responsibility to make their special advantages available for the common good on some reasonable basis of reimbursement, and even to share the cost of some public service programs. This includes responsibility to make their special capabilities known widely, to cooperate in good faith where their help is needed and can be appropriately provided, and to report to the public at large on the results of their research and public service. New York's private institutions have an excellent record in this regard.
Finally, the private institutions in New York State have a responsibility, and in fact have made a significant and continuing commitment. to the education of disadvantaged students* Each of the six major private universities is participating in educational opportunity programs, with substantial investments of non-tax funds In 1970-71 there were more than 6.000 minority students enrolled at the six private universities alone. There were 10.000 economically disadvantaged students receiving federal financial aid. A commitment to continue such programs, invariably involving a substantial investment of the institution's own funds, has been accepted by all the six private universities.
A Long-Term Plan
In the long run. the interests of taxpayers, students, and the higher educational system in the State will be best served by a program that enables students, regardless of income level, to have free choice of the institution, public or private, which meets their academic needs Those who have the least ability to pay should have as much freedom to select and attend the institution of their choice as those from the highest income levels. By the same token, those who can afford to pay for all or part of their higher education should do so. whether they attend a private or public institution. It is unfair to impose on the taxpayer a burden which these students and their families can reasonably bear.
To accomplish these objectives, two changes are needed. These should be made over a period of three to four years.
1. Public institutions should adopt user charges which cover their full educational cost, including instructional costs and such student-related expenses as meals, rooms, and health services. Those students who can afford to should pay the full charge.
2. At the same time, all those students who need financial assistance should receive it in the form of a greatly expanded Scholar Incentive plan. The highest awards, to those students who are able to pay little or nothing toward their educational costs, should cover the full user charges at the public institutions. The awards should, however, be usable by the student at the New York institution of his choice, whether public or private
The plan, perhaps to be fully implemented by 1975. will_accpmplish the following:
1 New York State residents from disadvantaged

backgrounds will be able to receive a higher education at the institutions of their choice—institutions that are suited to their academic needs and abilities.
2. Students transferring from two-year to four-year institutions will have a similar freedom of choice along with appropriate financial assistance.
3. The differential between user charges at public and private institutions will be greatly reduced. The trend of enrollments away from the private to the public institutions because of tuition differentials will cease.
4. The State's system of higher education will be invigorated by
a strengthening the private institutions, so important to the total system;
b. preserving the rich variety now available in the publicprivate system;
c. allowing freedom of choice to influence the character of the programs offered in the system. As all students are free to choose, and the system operates more as a free market, programs offered by all institutions will be shaped to fill the students' real needs.
5. The financial problems of the private institutions will be greatly alleviated:
a. There will be smaller call on their operating funds for student aid;
b. Institutions offering quality programs, fulfilling students' needs, will have full enrollment, and can operate at minimum cost per student
.6 In the long run the burden on the taxpayer will be minimized. All non-tax resources will be fully used. To the extent they are able, students will pay their way at both public and private institutions. Endowment income, gifts, and federal funds can continue to provide significant support to the system as they now do As the program develops. Bundy aid can be curtailed and eventually dropped.
7. The plan will foster less intervention and more local governance—in both public and private institutions. Large, direct institutional grants require a form of audit and control that can become intervention. An expanded Scholar Incentive program, offering wide choices of institutions to the student, need not require the same degree of governmental control over the institutions and their policies and procedures The poorly managed institution will shape up or lose enrollment.
8. The strain on tax-supported colleges and universities caused by untimely closing of private institutions or curtailment of their programs will be minimized.
9. The private institutions will be able to absorb an even greater portion of the State's students who have heretofore not had access to higher education, and it will be in the interest of these institutions to do so.
The plan set forth above is presented as a long-range solution to the problems of higher education in New York State* " It cannot and should not be accomplished suddenly, but should be phased in over a three to fouryear period User fees at the public institutions should be increased until they are equal fo full educational costs. The Scholar Incentive program should be correspondingly expanded to the point where the highest awards cover the full charges at the public institutions. As these steps are taken. Bundy aid can begin to be reduced, to be terminated after the expanded Scholar Incentive program is fully implemented.
Categorical aid will probably have to be continued for the foreseeable future to strengthen those professional and other educational programs which are essential to meeting the social priorities and manpower requirements of the State.
*On a national basis the proportion of Negroes entering private universities is twice that of the public universities. See ACE Fact Book on Higher Education. 1971
" " Long-term loans, with career, long incomecontingent repayments, have been suggested as a solution to the financial dilemma of higher education. Problems of skewed selection of borrowers, high interest rates, initial capitalization, collectons. and other difficulties, need still to be studied and resolved. As a solution to New York's problems, like the plan presented he[e. the long-term locan scheme would depend on realistic user charges. The scheme can do little more, however, than offer alternative financing for that portion of his educational expense which the student can bear Existing student loan plans are already used extensively The income-contingent loans will not solve the problems of the financially disadvantaged. who are the principal

Thursday, December 16, 1971

CORNELL CHRONICLE 9

for Financing Higher Education

beneficiaries of New York's means-oriented Scholar Incentive program. It is that program which is recommended for extension.

Membership of the Commission on Independent Colleges and Universities

The Immediate Future
The Governor and the Legislature are faced with extremely difficult budget decisions for next year. The immediate problem is to keep the educational system going at the least cost to the taxpayer—i.e.. through a program for next year that is as economical as possible but does not jeopardize the higher education system in the years ahead The proposal of the private colleges and universities for the 1972-73 budget is as follows:
1 Bundy aid must be continued at least at present levels. To reduce Bundy next year would be disastrous for most private institutions and could be the coup de grace for several (If the long-term plan can be implemented, this form of direct institutional aid can be phased out over the next few years )
2. A first step should be taken toward the proposed financing plan. An immediate increase in the Scholar Incentive awards is recommended. For 1972-73 the maximum award should be increased from $600 to $1,500.
The expansion in Scholar Incentive awards should be accompanied by steps toward an extended system of user charges at the public institutions. This will develop new revenue for the public institutions from those students — and their families — who can afford to pay some or all of the full cost. This additional income to the State will offset most or possibly all of the cost of the expended system-wide Scholar Incentive program
3 Some private institutions are facing immediate financial disaster Bundy aid at the present level cannot save these institutions. Emergency funds are needed to sustain these institutions until the new financing plan can take effect. Therefore, a temporary emergency fund should be established. The fund should be administered on a statewide basis, under standards to be approved by the Regents, to sustain those institutions in greatest need and most important to the States higher education system
This is to be a temporary emergency fund. This kind of financing could be an incentive for poor management. The-proposed long-term financing plan creates strong incentives for good management in all parts of the system. For this reason, it is important that the long-term plan be executed as rapidly as possible, to avoid a succession of emergencies.
4. Categorical aid programs should be continued at least at present levels The State now provides assistance to programs of high social priority such as medicine, dentistry, nursing, and educational opportunity programs for the disadvantaged. These programs must be maintained Private institutions are in no position to replace State funds now being provided.

B-1. No 2 Washington Square Village

New York. New York 10012

Academy of Aeronautics Adelphi University Alfred University Bank Street College of Education Bard College Barnard College Bennett College Bnarcliff College Brooklyn Law School Camsius College Capuchin Theological Seminary Catherine McAuley College Cazenovia College Clarkson College of Technology Colgate University College of White Plains Columbia University Concordia Collegiate Institute Cooper Union Cornell University Dominican College of Blauvelt Dowling College DYouville College Eisenhower College Elizabeth Seton College Elmira College Finch College Fordham University Hamilton College Harriman College Hartwick College Hebrew Union College Jewish Institute of Religion Hobart and William Smith Colleges Hofstra University Houghton College Immaculate Conception Seminary College of Insurance lona College Ithaca College Julliard School of Music Keuka College The King's College Kirkland College Ladycltff College LeMoyne College Long Island University Manhattan College Manhattan School of Music Manhattanville College of the Sacred Heart Mannes College of Music Maria College of Albany Maria Regina College Marist College

Medaille College Mercy College Mills College of Education Molloy Catholic College for Women Mount Saint Mary College College of Mount Saint Vincent Nazareth College College of New Rochelle New School for Social Research New York Institute of Technology New York Law School New York Medical College New York University Niagara University Nyack Missionary College Pace College Packer Collegiate Institute Paul Smiths College Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn Pratt Institute Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Roberts Wesleyan College Rochester Institute of Technology University of Rochester The Rockefeller University Rogers College Rosary Hill College Russell Sage College St. Bonaventure University St. Francis College St. John Fisher College St Johns University Saint Josephs College for Women St Lawrence University College of Saint Rose St. Thomas Aquinas College Sarah Lawrence College Siena College Skidmore College Syracuse University Teachers College Columbia Tro Caire College Union College Union Theological Seminary
Utica College Vassar College Villa Maria College of Buffalo Wagner College Webb Institute of Naval Architecture Wells College
Yeshiva University

Marymount College Marymount Manhattan College

Appendix B
New York State Institutions Of Higher Education
1970 Enrollments on FTE Basis

ALL HIGHER KDUCATIOW Total Stata Unlvaraltlaa Total City Univ«nltlaa Total Hon-Pi*>llc
Total Stata
FOUR-YEAR IMSTimiOMS Stata UnlvaraitUa City Ualwaraitlaa
Total Four-Yaar lnatltutlo*a
SIX UNIVERSITIES aa parcmtaa* of
Total Four-yaar Total Non-Public Total Stata

225,374 OX 78,893 16 191.362 39 495,630 100

19,541 11,299 57.950

91,139 78,893 184,511 35*.W3

Jl

44.791

13X

19,5*1 11.299

244,916 90,192

42Z 15

584t420 100

111,000 25X 90,192 20 J42.461 55
m

31X 13Z

> - Full-tlB> pitta one-third of L>art-tia» i graduate aa well aa undargraduata.

Appendix C
Total Student Aid Derived From Institution Sources
(Non-Government)

INSTITUTION HEW YORK UNIVERSITY SYRACDSK UNIVERSITY
coLumu wuvtwm
CORNELL UNIVERSITY FORDHAM UNIVERSITY UKlVhRSITY OF ROCHKST&R

66-67 1,270

67-fca 3.761

68-69 5,022

69-70 6,Ml

70-71 7.152 •

2,057

2,459

2.7OJ

3,220

4,465

5,089

5,894 . 7,155

8,063

8,165

3,457

3,978

4.2 38 4.312

4.719

1,365

1,562

1,850

2.078

1,187

2,NO

2,65*

2.957

3,483

TOTAL SIX
• Included t u i t i o n wal cr to caeloyecs ' UtlHtfd

19.6S7 21,314 26.815 29,897

Appendix D

Appendix A

N.V.U.
SYRACUSE
G0LUMI1A Haln Barnard Phara. Teachers
OORNELL
FORDHAM
U. OF KOCH.

FEDERAL MlMET FOR NEW YORK IX ST1TUT10HS OF HIC.HER EDUCATION" ( I n thousanda of d o l l a r * )

1966-67 Rank

1967-68 Rank

1968-69 task

1969-70 Rank

S 44,449 11

$ 43, 399 12

S 46,759 11

S 37,779 18

13.940 67

16.092 62

12,414 76

8,946 89

61,748
137 107 5,518 -0-

4

56.736 52.369
220 147 4,000 -0-

7

57.852 52.375
125 164 4,658 530

6

55,675 49,574
220 236 5,222 423

1

39,188 14

39,567 14

39,071 16

37,972 17

2.663

•

2,147

it

2.252

1.861

•

22,977 K

25,950 30

29,801 18

25.190 11

TOTAL FOR

SIX USTTTbTlOM 5 184.9*5

S 181.891

TOTAL FOR

KEU YORK STATt

S 339.714 2 $ 140.897 2

SIX INSTITUTIONS

AS X OF N.Y.S.

54.4X

53.9X

S 188.159 5 151.581
54.31

2

S 167.423 5 320.298
52. IX

2

SUNY Buffalo Stonybrook Albany Blngbanton
TOTAL FOR FOUR SUNY FOUR SUNY AS X OF N.Y.S. rul-u. rtDKiuL N.Y.S. AS X OF FEDERAL TOTAL

S 12,127 1,541 3,541 2,072

72 *

S 21^211
6.3X $1,311,100
10. 3X

S 13,950 7,380 3,955 1,912

71

S 27.197 J.01

10.11

S 15.753 4,070 4,175 894

62
* a

S 24.892

$3,453,000 10.92

$ 15,!16 7.814 5,280 1.295

61 99

S 29.605
9.21 51,226,000
9.9X

only tap 100 lnatt ttttto*a ranked Federal Support to l.'nlwrattles and Colleges MSF 70-27 (1949-70 data unpublished)

1969-70 as a X of 1966-67
85.01 64.21 90.2X
96.9X 69.91 109.6X
90.51 94.IX
125.5X 220.7X 149.11
62.5! 119.11
97.*X

Full-Time Equivalent* Degree Credit Enrollment By Degree Level at Six Private and Four State
Universities in New York, by Institution 1966-67—1970-71"

UNDEKMUIATE T?*5£ 1970-71

GRADUATE 1966 -67 1970-71

UtOrESS 10BAL » « * «

1966-67

1970-71

MM.

1966-67

1970-71

HEW YORK UNIVERSITY

9 . 9 W 10.O69

9,167 »,655

1,605

1.726 20,729

2O.4JO

SYRACUSE UKIVEMITT

12,392

11.02*

4,128 4.650

306

517

17,026

16.991

COLUmiA UKIVERSirf"*

4,300

4.491

6,599

5,6>4

911

1.060 11,810

11.235

e m u wivwm

MM

6.594

2.27*

2,639

ws

1.097

9,356

10,310

TOMMAH UlilVtRSin
uMvtRsiTY OF tomuxu TOTALSIX
M.ITAL0

5,»13 6,621

yiTI UjMI

.jtj5.ii <.,»*

9,889 U . « M

1,415 2,0»l

JL.B1 _!J!*» tit*W 25.W5

2.720

3.551

759
Pt^Mt.
326

ill
2 5J18
51«

7,9»7
*!'«* 73.092
12,9*5

»,J20
-iJSl 74.707
17.541

AUAXY STOXYllKUOll

4.849 3.530

7.242 8.163

1.116 397

1 ,»6« 2.510

0 0

0 5.965 9.210 0 1,927 10.W1

HINCHAHTOS ,01-R:

.2. >PP
20,571 yj*26

'-"**
Mg,12i' ljjJEi

_ S & JUSS1
^ ^ 3 7 9.141 _3i||2. 1^.71i

— ° — _ ° _ -U«°± _

>t>>°

* F T.K. Obtained by Kail f u l l - t t « e he«d count plu« one-third Tall p«rt-tlw« h««d coimt. • • Source: Hijjtirr tJucallon Pl«nnlnA St«tl«tlc»_J969, Vol. 1-A. > t r « i Cr«dlt F . . r . U « n [ , the University • '
tbV StVtVot Seii'YorkV S««tV Education Oep«rt«ent, Albany, K.Y., Januaiy 1970; C o l l n e and Unlv»r»lty Enrollacnt, ."tew York State, Fall 1969; Cgegrehenn I ye Keport on CollfRe and Vnlverwlty E n r o l l m n t . ».». StaTe, Fall 1966. • * • Main CaMPus Only ••*« Koo-lkdlcal

.ceil

i iJ t

' ;i IVi

i,i.' ;. /

: i ':

lift • '• 6 3 ) l I ,

. ] J '•

'

-•! 3 ' I f . j i , > . v c !, I

ii SJUl

10 CORNELL CHORNICLE

Thursday, December 16, 1971

The Senate Page

The Senate Page is the official bulletin of the Cornell University tSenate. Publication is supervised by Ellen C. Mandell. secretary of the Senate, 133 Day Hall. 256-3715.

Executive Committee Resolution On Petitioning Deadline

SA-110 B-152-b WHEREAS: 1 A deadline of 24 January. 1972. for the submission of employe nominating petitions for the February. 1972 elections is impossible within the current election schedule; and

2. The Internal Operations Committee has recommended that the date be changed to 14 January. 1972.
It is resolved that the deadline for the submission of employe nominating petitions for the February. 1972 elections shall be 14January. 1972

Recommendation for an Increase In General Fees for Health Care

SA-111 B-148-b The Cornell University Senate recommends to the Board of Trustees that there be a ten dollar increase in the General

Fee for undergraduate and graduate students starting 19721973. with the revenue from such increase being added to the income of the University Health Services.

The Bylaw Revision Act of 1971

SA-1 12 published in the Chronicle or its

1. Title I Section 3.

B-101-b successor 2 Title XVI Section 1

A motion to hold a roll-call vote d An annual evaluation of the

shall succeed if supported by one operation of the Secretariat shall

fourth of those voting. The be prepared by and (ad hoc)

results of a roll-call vote shall be special committee appointed by

::::::x:::::::::::::::>£:::^
Senate Calendar
Thursday. Dec. 16 — Calendar Committee, 348 Morrison, 4 30 p.m.; Campus Life Committee. 609 Clark. 3:30 p.m
Friday, Dec. 17 — Campus Planning, B-40 Day Hall. 2:00 p.m.; Campus Life Committee. 609 Clark. 2:00 p.m
the Executive Committee and submitted to the Executive Committee by October 15 of each year The members of the (ad hoc) special committee...
e. Elected Senators may not be paid employes of the Secretariat
e Elected Senators employed by the Senate shall be responsible to the committee that employs them. Compensation shall come through the Senate administration upon written certification by the appropriate committee if work is done Title XI Section Ten.
The Secretariat shall maintain a record of all elections available to the public consisting of the number of votes received on each Hare system round as well as whatever auditing information may be deemed important by the

ACTIOB JIUMBEB SA-110
[B-152-b]
SA-112 lB-101-b)
B-156

Senate Actions — Dec. 7, 1971

Executive Committee Resolution on Petitioning Deadline [To change thm deadline for submission of employee nominating petitione from
U January, 1971 to It January 1971],
Recommendation for an Increase i n General Fees for Health Care [To increase General Fee by $10 to augment income of University Health Service*.]
The Dylav Revision Act o f 1971 [Calls for publishing roll call votes; a special committee for evaluation of the Secretariat; rules for paid employment of elected Senators by the Senate are established. ]

Peter Heyvood for the Executive Committee

ACTIOB TAKBI

John Wilkins for the Campus Life Committee
Robert Platt (101-a) Internal Operations Cons. (101-b)

1972-1973 Budget for the Division of

Campus Life

[Understandings, revisions,

additional

allocations, and changes in budget

guidelines are proposed for the 1072-

1973 Campus life Budget.]

Campus Life Coimittee

Considered by quasiCommlttee o f the Whole and recommitted t o the Campus Life Cosnittee

Secretariat and the Senate Internal Operations Committee or the Senate In addition, the following section titles shall be inserted into the Bylaws
Title III. Section 1 Introduction and Referral.
Title III. Section 2 - Committee Consideration.
Title III Section 3 Constitutional Amendments.
Title IV Section 1 Introduction and Referral
Title V. Section 2 - Introduction and Referral
Title VII. Section 4 - Term Title VIM Section 4 - Term Title IX Section 5 - Term. Title X. Section 2 - Search Committee Title X. Section 4 - Election. Title X Section 5 - Term. Title XI Section 1 Supervision

Chronicle

All items for publication

in the Cornell Chronicle

must be submitted to the

Chronicle office. 122 Day

Hall, by noon on the

Monday preceeding

publication

Only

typewritten information will be accepted

Title XI. Section 10- Records Title XII Section 12 Chairman Title XII Section 14 - Minutes and Annual Reports Title XII Section 15 Notification of Assignment. Title XIII Section 1 - Type of Action

Dec. 23 Paychecks
The Dec. 23 paychecks for Cornell's exempt employes will be •:•: distributed that morning at 8 a m The Christmas holiday period :j:| begins for most University employes at the end of their work day on Thursday, Dec 23 and will continue until Tuesday. Dec 28
For non-exempt employes, all approved standard and additional time payroll requiring payroll checks on Dec. 30 must be submitted to the payroll offices by noon on Dec. 21 In order to meet this deadline prior to the end of the earning period, deans, directors and department heads have been asked to predict and submit the hours employes will work through Dec. 22. These paychecks will be distributed on Dec 30 at 8 a m
This procedure may result in an employe being slightly overpaid or underpaid for the period Any necessary adjustments should be made on the payroll voucher for the following pay period.
Hotel Students Honor Ed

Current Legislative Log

B-156 B-157 B-158 B-159 B-160
B-161
B-162 B-163
B-161.

DATE SUBMITTED 12/6/71 12/6/71 12/6/71
12/6/71 12/13/71
12/8/71
12/8/71 12/8/71
12/8/71

COMMITTEE REFERRED TO

1 9 7 2 - 1 9 7 3 Budget f o r t h e D i v i s i o n o f Campus L i f e
[ Understanding!, revisions, additional allocations, and changes in budget guidelines are proposed for the 1)72-71 Campus Life Budget. ]
Policy on Freshman Residency Requirement [ To restore freshman residency requirement as presently administered; to repeal SA-24.]
Funding Policy for the Undergraduate Finance Commission [ To prohibit the Undergraduate Finance Commission fran funding the Big Red Band and Cape and Gouns. ]
Recommendation for an Increase in General Fee for Student Activities [ To increase General Fee by $l.S0 to augment income of Student Activities. ]
Second Day Balloting B i l l ( This bill uould keep the polling places for undergraduate student balloting open from 9:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. on February 10 as uell as from 1:00 a.m. to 0:00 p.m. on February 9 for the purpose of'eleeting a student Trustee and student members of the 1972-73 Cornell University Senate.]

Campus Life Committee Campus Life Committee

John Vllklns John Wlliins

Housing
Organisations and Public Events

John Wllklns

Organisations and Public Events

John Harding for Internal Operations Committee

Internal Operations

An Act t o Unify and Expand the Student Code and the Regulations for t l * Maintenance o f Public Order { Proposes that the Student Code and the Regula-
tions for the Maintenance of Public Order be replaoed by a conduct code applying to all members of the Cornell Community.]

David Fritchey for Codes Committee

Codes Committee

Freshman Foot Relief Act

Norman H. Cohen

( This bill extends aanpus bus service to West Campus. }

Rent Stabilisation and Subsidy Act [ Cornell University shall subsidise the Department of Housing in order to reduce room rents to an average of $600 per year per individual. ]

Roger B. Jacobs

1. Campus Planning 2. Parking and Traffic
Housing Subcommittee

Dining Improvements and V.novation 3111 t The Pining Coimittee ami Department of Dining
should investigate the l.isley College meal plan with the object of extvtuiing such limited contract meal plans to other liuing units; establishes a "pick-up'' operation in the West Cattpue Uamitory Area. J

Roger B. Jacobs

Dining

ANOTHER AWARD — Everybody's VII America, Ed Mannaro, received another award"; this time from the European undergraduates in the Cornell School of Hotel Administration. The plaque, presented byfcvangelosA. Pezas ~h2, of Greece,"states: "In appreciation for your part in making the game of American football an expitmg part of our college life at Cornell." Mannaro. Hotel '72. received the award Friday afternoon dun i semm the Hotel School attended by most of the schools 5' '

Thursday, December 16, 1971

CORNELLCHRONICLE 11

Ecology House Residents Recycle Bottles, Paper and Other Trash

Recent popular usage has "trashing" meaning

the destruction of property and "trucking" meaning

walking along with a backward slant of the body.

But to members of Cornell University's Ecology

House, trashing probably means smashing glass

bottles for recycling and trucking probably refers to

carting the recycleable materials to dealers in

Ithaca and Elmira to be sold.

The Ecology House, the University's second

residential dormitory, was established this

September for students interested in ecological

problems. Located in the Residential Club on

Country Club Rd . the dorm's biggest single project

has been recycling the tons of glass, newspaper

and aluminum deposited in its backyard by ecology-

minded area residents each week. The dorm

currently sends about three tons of paper to Ithaca

Scrap Processors weekly and about eight tons of

glass to Thatcher Glass in Elmira bi-weekly

"And the volume is picking up," according to

Peter L Marks, faculty advisor for the living unit

"The place is a madhouse on weekends " Marks is

an assistant professor of biology, ecology and

systematics in the Division of Biological Sciences

at Cornell

He estimated that Ecology House members

contribute about 35 man-hours of volunteer help each week to the project. The volunteers sort the glass by color, remove metal from bottles, smash the glass to reduce volume, and store it in metal containers until it can be loaded on trucks to be taken away The recycling, known as the Ithaca Recycling Project (IRP). was begun last summer by two Cornell graduate students, Ronald C. (Chuck) Kugler and Frank Slansky Jr. and by Steven Loehr, president of the Ithaca Youth Council.
The project initially recycled only glass, but when it was moved to the Ecology House this fall, the project began to accept paper and aluminum as well.
Drop-offs may be made at the Ecology House anytime of the day or night any day of the week. Marks said. Glass should be separated by color and clean of metal. Tin. which can be distinguished from aluminum by a seam in the side of the can. should not be dropped off. he said, as there is no market for it locally
In addition to the IRP. the dormitory recently began a project to recycle high-quality white paper, following the lead of a group in Cornell's Department of Natural Resources. According to Bonnie Bowen, a residential advisor at the Ecology House, the dorm's residents began their project in the Langmuir Laboratory, which, appropriately, houses the Department of Ecology and Systematics. Bowen is a senior in the New York

MANY HAPPY RETURNS—four Ecology House members examine some of the glass bottles the group has collected for recycling.
State College of Agriculture and Life Sciences. Eventually, she said, the dorm hopes to involve
all campus buildings in similar recycling procedures on a permanent basis.
Several dormitories are now recycling some materials, a procedure that may become University policy through the passage of a bill in the University Senate last month. The bill, which was originated by Clifford Mass, sophomore in the College of Arts and Sciences, calls on the Division of Campus Life "to recycle and to use recycleable materials when at all feasible " The proposal is currently being implemented by a committee composed of representatives of the Division of Campus Life and three Ecology House members under the chairmanship of William P. Paleen. director of student housing
But ecology is more than trash. During the fall. Marks took a small group of students on Friday morning nature walks in the vicinity of the dorm, studying and identifying species of plants and animals During the winter months, he hopes to substitute cross-country skiing — from the Residential Club to the golf course
The dorm also hosted two sections of the University's Biology and Society lecture series One section discussed phosphate additives and their

effects on the quality of water Led by Peter R.

Jutro, a graduate student and an ecological

consultant to the Public Works Committee of the

House of Representatives, the section is

researching phosphates in preparation for

upcoming hearings on a clean water bill

The other section, led by Marks, dealt with "the

energetics of agriculture." "We tried to develop a

balance sheet on energetics and we discovered the

question was enormously complex." he said Both

sections will continue in the spring semester.

The first issue of the dorm's newsletter, "Ecology

News," came out last month. The mimeographed

piece opens with a statement of the rationale of the

Ecology House by Allan MacNeill, a junior in

agriculture. The dorm's purpose is, in part, "to

prove that people can function as members of a

natural ecosystem without sacrificing all of the

benefits of modern technology."

Members of the Ecology House take their stated

rationale seriously, although for some it means a

second thought or two. For example, the dorm's

Christmas tree, a white pine cut by the students

from Mark's property, is "natural and imperfect."

Some students, however, he said, were reported to

have felt it was "scraggly "

ECOLOGY TREE The house's Christmas tree is decorated with old cans and chains made of waste

At the tree-trimming party the decorations were recycled cans, bottles and aluminum strips. And no

paper

lights, of course, to save electricity

Bulletin Board
Sage Chape/ Christmas Program
"A Celebration of Christmas Images", the Sage Chapel convocation of Sunday, Dec 19. will employ modern dance, a jazz group, student readers, a madrigal choir and traditional Christmas music. The program will be at 11 am
The Ithaca High School Madrigal Choir, directed by Stanley E. Snyder. will sing three classical selections. Dancers of the Ballet Guild of Ithaca, led by Gillian Fuller, will provide dance interpretation of two readings and a jazz improvisation. The Noel Jazz Group, led by Woody Peters of the DeWitt Junior High School music department, will also accompany singer Kay Zizzi in the folk carol. "I Wonder As I Wander "
Two students in theatre at Cornell. Katherine Austin and Brendan Ward, will enact a fragment from the Maxwell Anderson play. "Journey to Jerusalem." Other student readers will offer Biblical passages appropriate to Christmas and poems of T.S. Eliot and Amos R. Wells. Prof Donald R.M. Paterson. University organist, will play for congregational singing of Christmas hymns, as well as major organ pieces The program has been arranged by Hollis E Hayward. University United Methodist Chaplain
Cornellian, Spare That Tree!
The Cornell Plantations reminds all residents of the Cornell community that the evergreens growing in the Plantations and on campus are not Christmas trees These trees are an important part of the Cornell environment Some are single specimens in collections of value in teaching and research and are both expensive and difficult to replace.
Director Richard M. Lewis warns that unauthorized cutting of valuable trees in past years has made Christmas an expensive and unhappy season for the apprehended individuals. Christmas trees and greens in variety are readily available and are well advertised. Several growers offer well-shaped trees for anyone who wishes to cut his own.
Bus Service Reduced for Holidays
The Campus Bus Service will reduce regular service on Dec 28, 29 and 30 because of the reduction in the work force at the University between Christmas and New Year's Day
During the morning and evening rush hours, service will be limited to six A-B Locals, operating on a five-minute headway. For the rest of the day. four A-B Locals will operate on a seven-and-one-half-minute headway The normal express buses from the A and B lots will not operate during this period. B Lot passengers needing transportation to Bailey Circle should use the Tower and Garden Ave. stop
Full, regular service will resume on Jan. 3, according to Rogers

DINING SCHEDULE CHRISTMAS AND WINTER RECESS DECEMBER 21, 1971 - JANUARY 20, 1972

Please clip this information and post for reference. So other Dining Schedule will be issued.

Sage Hall Dining

Open 9:00 AM - 6:00 PM, Dec. 23, 1971 - Jan. 2, 1972 Closed Jan..3, 1972 - Jan. 19, 1972 Reopens for breakfast, Jan. 20, 1972

Wlllard Straight Hall

Closed Dec. 2fe, 1971 thru Jan. 2, 1972 Open 7:15 AM - 6:30 PM Jan. 3 - Jan. 18, 1972 Regular Service resumes January 19, 1972 Blmhirst Buffet Closed Dec. 20, 1971 - thru Jan. 23,1972

Hughes Hall Dining

Closed after lunch, Wednesday„ Dec. 8, 1971 Reopens for breakfast, Thursday, Jan. 20, 1972

Martha Van Dining Martha Van Vending

Cafeteria Closes at 3:00 PM", Thursday, Dec. 13, 1971 Reopens for breakfast, Thursday, Jan. 20, 1972
VENDING AREA remains open throughout Recess

North Campus Dining

Closes after lunch, Thursday, Dec. 23, 1971 Reopens for lunch, Thursday, Jan. 20, 1972

Hoyes Center Dining Noyes Lodge

Closes after dinner, Tuesday. Dec. 21, 1971 Reopens for lunch, Monday, Jan. 17, 1972
Closed after dinner 0»LY December 18-22, 1971 Closes after lunch, Thursday, December 23, 1971 Reopens for breakfast, Thursday, January 23, 1972

The Pick-Up

Closed December 23, 1971 thru January 19, 1972 >

Statler

Student Cafeteria: Closed Dinners Now until" January 20, 1972 Closed Luncheons Dec. 2l*-27 and Dee. 31, 1971 and Jan. 1, 1972
Main Dining Room: Closed Dinners Now until Jan. 16, 1972 Closed Luncheons Dec, 18, 1971 - Jan. 16, 1972 Except Dec. 25, Jan. 1 and Sunday Night Buffet

Dairy Bar

Closed Dec. 2U-27, and Dec. 30-31, 1971 and Jan. 1-3, 1972

Spring Registration
Continuing students register Friday. Jan 2 1 . Registration material will be available as follows:
Students in Agriculture, Arts and Sciences. Basic Engineering. Graduate School and Human Ecology will pick'up registration material in Martha Van Rensselaer Auditorium Monday, Jan. 1 7 through Thursday. Jan 20, from 8.30 a.m. to 4:30 p m. and on Friday. Jan. 21, from 8 3 0 am to noon. Students in other divisions will pick up registration material at their school or college office during the same period
Registration material will not be mailed.

12 CORNELL CHRONICLE

Thursday, December 16, 1971

Calendar
December 16-23

Thursday, December 16
FINAL EXAMINATIONS BEGIN. 9 a m - 6 p.m. Craft Sale - Art Lounge. Willard Straight Hall. 4:00 p m Open .Reading - Fiction and Poetry. Temple of Zeus. Goldwin Smith. 4:30 p.m. Food Science Seminar: "Crystallization of Fractionated Milk Fats " Dr John W Sherbon. Asst. Professor. Food Science. C.U 204 Stocking Hall." Refreshments served at 4:1 5 p.m. 4:45 p m Faculty Council of Representatives Meeting Bache Auditorium, Malott Hall 8:30 p.m. 'Film. Eyes of Hell Willard Straight Cafeteria.
Friday/ December 17
9 a.m. - 6 p.m. Craft Sale - Art Lounge. Willard Straight Hall.
7 & 9:15 p m "Film Bedazzled (1967) with Peter Cook and Raquel Welch as "Lust." Ives 120 Attendance limited to Cornell Community Sponsored by Cornell Cinema.
7 & 9:15 p.m. "Film. Woody Allen's Bananas (1971) Statler Auditorium Sponsored by Cornell Cinema.
Saturday, December 18
4 & 8 p.m. Israeli Student Association Hanukkah Holiday Party. Multi-purpose Room. North Campus Union.
7 & 9:15 p.m. "Film Bedazzled. Ives 120 Attendance limited to Cornell Community (See Dec. 17.)
7 & 9:15 p.m. "Film. Woody Allen's Bananas Statler Auditorium (See Dec. 1 7 )
8:15 p m Duo-keyboard Concert Old and New Music for Piano, Organ and Harpsichord. Miriam Wagner, piano and organ; Robert Rollin, piano and harpsichord Program: Mozart, Fugue in G Minor for Piano Four Hands. K. 401 (375e); Beethoven. Sonata in D Major for Piano Four Hands, Opus 6. Koechlin, Sonatine Francaise, No 1 for Piano Four Hands; Pasquini, Sonata No. 8 in G Minor for Harpsichord and Organ; Schubert, Fantasia in F Minor for Piano Four Hands. D 940 (Opus 103); Robert Rollin, Composition for Two Pianos (first performance); Mozart. Sonata in B-flat Major for Piano Four Hands. K 385 (186c) Barnes Hall
Sunday, December 19
9:30 am Episcopal Church at Cornell, Worship Carol Singing. Anabel Taylor Hall Chapel All are welcome
10 am Cornell Table Tennis Club Round Robin. Noyes 3rd floor lounge
11 am Sage Chapel Convocation "A Celebration of Christmas Images" with jazz group, modern dance. Ithaca High School Madrigal Choir, and student readers.
7 & 9:30 p.m. Don McClean Concert. Bailey Hall Sponsored by WVBR

8:30 p.m. 'Finals Flicks. Mask of Dimitrios (1944) with Peter Lorre. Willard Straight Cafeteria. Attendance limited to Cornell Community
Monday, December 20
"Early American Christmas Dinner Willard Straight Cafeteria.
8:30 p.m. "Finals Flicks. Dead Reckoning (1947) with Humphrey Bogart Willard Straight Cafeteria Attendance limited to Cornell Community
Tuesday, December 21
7:00 p.m. "Guitar Lessons North Room, Willard Straight Hall.
8:30 p.m. "Finals Flicks. The Charge of the Light Brigade (1936) starring Errol Flynn Willard Straight Cafeteria. Attendance limited to Cornell Community.
Wednesday, December 22
Final Examinations.

Senate Elections Rescheduled;

February 4 Is New Deadline

It has become necessary to reschedule the forthcoming University Senate elections. Senate Administrator Kay Hanna announced last night on behalf of the Senate's Internal Operations Committee and Executive Committee
The following petitioning schedule has been approved by the Executive Comittee:
All petitioning will be continued until Friday. Feb. 4 Petitions for all constituencies will be accepted at the

Senate office, 1 33 Day Hall, until 5 p.m. on that date It is still possible to become a candidate for a
Senate seat. If you don't have a petition, you can pick one up at your department office or at the Senate office (Candidates for student trustee must pick up petitions at the Senate office.)
Mrs. Hanna advised all candidates that the petitions that they may already have are valid until Feb 4. regardless of the deadline date on them

Thursday, December 23
Final Examinations end. Christmas Recess and Intersession Dec 23 - Jan. 20
Exhibits
Craft Fair and Sale, December 16 and 17 Art Lounge. Willard Straight Hall
John M Olin Library "Louis Agassiz Fuertes and the Singular Beauty of Birds '
Uns Library: "The Life of Louis Fuertes."
Andrew Dickson White Museum: Thermal Sculpture by John Goodyear (through Dec 23) Cornell School of Architecture 100th Anniversary (through Dec 23) Contemporary Graphics from the Permanent Collection (through Jan. 16). The- Museum will be Closed from Dec 24 to Jan. 3 Guided tours available, by appointment Hours Tues. through Sat 1 1 a.m. - 5 p.m. Closed Monday
Goldwin Smith Gallery. Paolo Soleri Show. Mr Solen is the architect of "arcosanti" and archology in Arizona The show is compiled by the Memorial Union. Arizona State Univ.. Tempe Closes Dec. 23. Hours: M-F 9 a.m. - 4; 30 p.m.. Sat. 9 - 1 2 noon.
Olin Library History of Science Collection: Wine Making.
"Admission charged Attendance at all events is limited to the approved seating capacity of the hall in which they are presented
All items for the Cornell Chronicle Calendar must be submitted to the Office of Central Reservations. Willard Straight Hall (either through the mails or by leaving them at the Straight desk) at least ten days prior to publication of the Chronicle The Calendar is prepared for the Chronicle by the Office of Central Reservations.