An In Situ Method of Creating Metal Oxide-Carbon Composites and Their Application as Anode Material for Lithium-Ion Batteries
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Transition metal oxides are actively investigated as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), and their nanocomposites with carbon frequently show better performance in galvanostatic cycling studies, compared to the pristine metal oxide. An in situ, scalable method for creating a variety of transition metal oxide-carbon nanocomposites has been developed based on free-radical polymerization and cross-linking of poly(acrylonitrile) in the presence of the metal oxide precursor containing vinyl groups. The approach yields a cross-linked polymer network, which uniformly incorporates nanometre-sized transition metal oxide particles. Thermal treatment of the organic-inorganic hybrid material produces nearly monodisperse metal oxide nanoparticles uniformly embedded in a porous carbon matrix. Cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic cycling electrochemical measurements in a lithium half-cell are used to evaluate the electrochemical properties of a Fe(3)O(4)-carbon composite created using this approach. These measurements reveal that when used as the anode in a lithium battery, the material exhibits stable cycling performance at both low and high current densities. We further show that the polymer/nanoparticle copolymerization approach can be readily adapted to synthesize metal oxide/carbon nanocomposites based on different particle chemistries for applications in both the anode and cathode of LIBs.
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This material is based on work supported as part of the Energy
Materials Center at Cornell, an Energy Frontier Research Center
funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Award Number DE-SC0001086. JS acknowledges
support from Award No. KUS-C1-018-02 made by King Abdullah
University of Science and Technology (KAUST). Facilities available
through the Cornell Center for Materials Research (CCMR) were
used in the study.
Date Issued
2011-06-13
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Royal Society of Chemistry
Keywords
ELECTROCHEMICAL PERFORMANCE; ELECTRODE MATERIALS; NEGATIVE ELECTRODE; STORAGE; SNO2; CO3O4; CHALLENGES; REDUCTION; CAPACITY; FIBER
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http://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2011/jm/c1jm10902b
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J. Mater. Chem., 2011,21, 11092-11097
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0959-9428
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article