INVESTIGATING THE REPRODUCTIVE ROLE OF ANTI-MULLERIAN HORMONE VIA ANTI-MULLERIAN HORMONE RECEPTOR, TYPE II IN THE HEN

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dc.contributor.authorLemcke, Rachel Anna
dc.contributor.chairJohnson, Patricia A
dc.contributor.committeeMemberSelvaraj, Vimal
dc.contributor.committeeMemberPlace, Ned J.
dc.date.accessioned2017-04-04T20:28:14Z
dc.date.available2017-04-04T20:28:14Z
dc.date.issued2017-01-30
dc.description.abstractIn the mammalian ovary, anti-müllerian hormone (AMH) helps maintain the ovarian reserve by regulating primordial follicle activation and follicular selection, although its role within the avian ovary is unknown. In adult mammals, AMH is primarily produced in granulosa cells of preantral and early antral follicles. Similarly, in the hen, the granulosa cells of smaller follicles are the predominant source of AMH. AMH importance in mammalian ovarian dynamics suggests AMH may have conserved, protective functions within developing follicles in the hen. To better understand the role of AMH in avian follicle development, we studied the expression pattern of the specific AMH receptor. AMH utilizes the TGF-β/SMAD signaling pathway, including the specific Type II receptor, AMHRII. qRT-PCR results indicate that AMHRII mRNA expression, as well as that of AMH, are highest (p<0.01) in small follicles (1 mm) and decrease as follicle size increases. Dissection of 3-5 mm follicles into ooplasm and granulosa components shows that AMHRII mRNA levels are significantly greater in ooplasm than granulosa cells. Immunohistochemistry revealed AMHRII staining in the oocyte and granulosa cells. In mammals, AMH expression is elevated during periods of reproductive dormancy, possibly protecting the ovarian reserve. To assess the expression of AMHRII and AMH during a similar state in chickens, we evaluated mRNA expression in a broiler strain and an egg-laying strain of hens in different reproductive states. AMH and AMHRII mRNA were significantly higher (p<0.05) in non-laying ovaries of broiler hens. In molting (with documented feather loss) and non-molting layer hens, AMHRII mRNA was significantly greater (p<0.05) in molting hen ovaries. These results suggest AMH may contribute to the intra-follicular bidirectional communication between oocyte and granulosa cells, and support a potential role of AMH in limiting follicle recruitment in hens.
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.7298/X47942PV
dc.identifier.otherLemcke_cornell_0058O_10037
dc.identifier.otherhttp://dissertations.umi.com/cornell:10037
dc.identifier.otherbibid: 9906101
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/1813/47854
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.subjectGenetics
dc.subjectBiology
dc.subjectAMHR2
dc.subjectAnti-Müllerian Hormone
dc.subjectfollicular development
dc.subjectmolt
dc.subjectoocyte
dc.subjectovarian reserve
dc.subjectAnimal sciences
dc.subjectAnti-Müllerian Hormone
dc.titleINVESTIGATING THE REPRODUCTIVE ROLE OF ANTI-MULLERIAN HORMONE VIA ANTI-MULLERIAN HORMONE RECEPTOR, TYPE II IN THE HEN
dc.typedissertation or thesis
dcterms.licensehttps://hdl.handle.net/1813/59810
thesis.degree.disciplineAnimal Science
thesis.degree.grantorCornell University
thesis.degree.levelMaster of Science
thesis.degree.nameM.S., Animal Science
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