Static hydraulic urethral sphincter placement in a 3 year old spayed female Doberman
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A 3 year old spayed female Doberman Pinscher presented with a history of chronic urinary incontinence since 3 months of age. She was initially managed on PPA (Phenylpropanolamine) and DES (diethylstilbestrol) but had become refractory to medical management. Diagnostics revealed a caudally displaced urinary bladder (pelvic bladder), cranially positioned ureters, and a persistent hymen. A percutaneously controlled static hydraulic urethral sphincter was placed around the proximal urethra to increase mechanical urethral resistance. Urinary incontinence is a common problem in the adult spayed female dog, with a reported incidence of up to 20%. The mechanism underlying the development of incontinence is complex and multi-factorial. A functional weakness in the urethral closure mechanism following ovariectomy, a condition known as urethral sphincter mechanism incompetence, is thought to be a primary component. Affected animals are most commonly middle aged, medium to large breed dogs, with Rotweilers, Doberman Pinschers, Old English Sheepdogs being overrepresented. Urine leakage tends to occur intermittently, when intra-abdominal pressure rises, such as during recumbency or barking. In addition to causing urethral sphincter weakness, ovariectomy is believed to result in other functional and structural changes to bladder and urethra which contribute to the development of incontinence.
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Seminar SF610.1 2011