A Study of the Integrated Parking and Ridesharing Pricing/Incentives and their Social and Environmental Impacts in Metropolitan Areas
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Parking charges have been widely accustomed in downtowns and commercial areas. Yet most of current practices of the parking prices are determined by the market itself, with limited consideration of the public interests, such as the overall performance of metropolitan transportation system, or their ecosocial and environmental impacts. In this research, we explore the idea of using integrated parking charges and carpooling incentives with consideration of the system total travel time and environmental costs, to manage daily commute traffic. We will analyze and compare various parking pricing and carpooling incentive policies under different scenarios at the metropolitan network level using a multi-layer, multi-scale system model. We will investigate how to properly select policies of parking charges and incentives to influence daily travel choices, and thus rebalance travel demand and enhance the system performance. We’ll also integrate our parking/ridesharing model into the MTC’s Bay Area transportation model for the City of San Francisco, evaluate the impact of the proposed parking and carpool/ridesharing strategies on GHG and PM2.5 pollutant emissions.