Enhancing Quality and Optimizing Protection: Cost Analysis of Grapevine Greenhouse Cultivation and Management
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As the wine industry continues to evolve, various wine regions like New Zealand, China, Australia, and South Africa are seizing the opportunity to produce premium wines. However, some countries and areas are still facing issues such as cold stress or climate change with their grape growing. For example, temperature and humidity can limit the wine styles and grape varieties that can be made and grown in the Finger Lakes region, even though it is one of the biggest wine regions in the US. To overcome these challenges, a greenhouse that is specifically designed for grapevines may be a solution. It can help with temperature control, wind protection, and berry optimization, and even provide an opportunity for more countries, such as Russia, to make their region-wise stylistic wine in such a controlled environment. This experiment designed a one-acre glass greenhouse with a Smart-Dyson trellis system. The overall estimated cost of establishment is $827640, and the utility and labor costs for one year are $33805. With an estimated 5 tons of yield, the profit for one year if made into wine is $192995. By calculation, a minimum of 4.5 years if starting with mature vines is needed to get positive net income. For a commercial greenhouse in a cooler region, high tunnels might be a better choice, while in cold regions or simply for research and protection purposes, a glass greenhouse is recommended for its better control and full protection.