by spring and fall applications. Check the Cornell Guidelines for management strategies or the names of herbicides that will be effective for the weed species present at your site. Time, money, and product will be wasted if herbicides are used improperly...
— • Are weeds at the right growth stage? Most herbicides are designed to work within a specific time frame. For example, preemergence products are effective only before germination. They are not effective on established weeds. • Do you have the proper equipment...

of organisms Spot treatments in specific areas mean less pesticide is applied Large areas can be sprayed Benefits of IPM • Reduces the need for pesticides by using several pest management methods; • Shields the environment from excessive or unnecessary...
Extension, and the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation. Production and cover photo: Carrie Koplinka-Loehr; Drawings from CCE Bulletin 74 used with permission. These recommendations are not a substitute for pesticide labeling. Read...

eggs hatch within 48 hours. The larvae live in water and breathe at the surface through tubes. Larvae, or wrigglers, feed on organic debris and microorganisms in the water, then molt into pupae, a resting stage that remains in the water. During...
, night, and dawn. Culex mosquitoes prefer birds as hosts, but because they are frequently found in homes, they bite humans and can transmit encephalitis. These mosquitoes breed in small pools of stagnant water containing organic debris and do not move far...

and live in groups. They seek cracks and crevices that are warm, dark, and moist; they also live inside cardboard and paper bags. Roaches eat anything that is organic—even cardboard and the glue that binds books together. They need water, although...
in the basement near sewer or floor drains or in damp crawl spaces. Other IPM options include insecticide dusts, such as • silica aerogel (a desiccant that damages the roach’s waxy coating, causing it to shrivel and die); • a commerical product containing boric...