Sooty blotch and fly speck are the two most common “summer diseases” of apples in the Northeast; they are also problems on pears. Although caused by two different organisms, the diseases often occur together since both are confined to the fruit...

are favorable for its development. The disease causes economic losses not only by reducing marketable yields but also by destroying the quality of processed products containing even a few infected berries. This is a particularly important consideration for pick...

, but is not generally as damaging on these crops. Successful long-term production of peaches is seldom possible if the disease is not controlled....

). Infected berries that fall to the ground become pumpkin-shaped as they continue to shrivel and finally turn dark brown . Causal Organism and Disease Cycle Mummyberry disease is caused by the fungus Monilinia vacciniicorymbosi, which infects only cultivated...
is to prevent these shoot blight infections by interfering with the production of ascospores and applying appropriate fungicides when needed. Cultivation of the ground beneath infected bushes before bud break will greatly inhibit the production...

years once it has become established, even if no strawberries are grown during that time. The organism that causes red stele of strawberry is not known to cause disease on any other crop, with the possible exception of loganberry. P. fragariae persists...
are released into the soil when the roots decay, thus completing the disease cycle. Control Since significant production and movement of infective zoospores occurs only during periods when the soil is completely saturated, the key to control is drainage...

.) Disease Cycle and Causal Organisms Phytophthora root and crown rots are caused by a group of related soilborne fungi in the genus Phytophthora. Some of these fungi are common inhabitants of agricultural soils, whereas others are introduced on contaminated...
favorable. Some rootstocks appear to be most susceptible to infection during the spring and autumn, which are also the periods of the year when soil temperatures are most favorable for zoospore production and activity. Rootstock susceptibility and fungus...