Grapevine Vegetative Structure and Whole-vine Vascular Integration This presentation describes in detail how grapevine tissues are organized and develop over the course of a growing season. Particular emphasis is given to conductive xylem and phloem tissues from shoot tip to root tip and how these tissues re-mobilize and reconnect over the annual cycle of growth and dormancy. In early spring, starch reserves stored in shoots, canes, trunks, and roots are mobilized to support early vine growth, and are exhausted around bloom. At bloom, photosynthate from the developing canopy is supporting shoot growth, cluster development, and emergence of next year's buds. The cambial layer generates xylem vessels and a new ring of phloem each year. Its reactivation starts at the developing shoot and travels down to the root system, only being fully reactivated at bloom. Following bloom, starch reserves start to accumulate again. Around veraison, the protective periderm layer forms starting at the base of the shoot and moves distally. The brown periderm layer is associated with supercooling of next year's buds and resistance to cold temperatures. Root tissues are organized differently than shoot tissues.