CHARACTERIZATION OF THE ROLE OF PLASMA MEMBRANE HETEROGENEITY BY INTEGRATING A NOVEL LIPID EXCHANGE METHOD WITH ADVANCED QUANTITATIVE FLUORESCENCE IMAGING
The liquid-ordered (Lo) phase, which is a tightly packed, high density phase for saturated lipids, and the liquid-disordered (Ld) phases, which are enriched with unsaturated lipids (e,g, phospholipids with unsaturated fatty acyl chains), are well documented in cholesterol-containing model membranes over a wide range of lipid compositions. However, similar phase behavior in live cell membranes has not been detected directly. In this project, we determine how different lipids, such as sphingolipids and phospholipids, affect the physical properties of membranes in live cells. We experimentally probe these systems and use the lipid exchange experiment (LEX) and detergent resistance membrane experiment (DRM) to measure the physical property. We found that properties of the lipids, such as acyl chain length or degree of saturation, could affect the physical properties of those plasma membranes. In addition, we can state that other lipid-independent factors also play a role in plasma membrane properties.