The 2000 growing season marks the completion of the second year of a proposed three-year research project with the following objectives: (1) To determine if populations and fruit damage from OBLR will decline in commercial orchards treated with soft pesticides for several consecutive seasons because of the effects of natural enemies (parasitoids and predators). (2) To determine if resistance levels of OBLR to organophosphates and other classes of conventional pesticides will decline during 2-3 growing seasons in plots set up in commercial apple orchards treated entirely with soft pesticides.