This dissertation provides an ethnography of the fupin (“poverty alleviation”) campaign in Sichuan province between 2016-20, with a focus on its impact on the ethnic minority Nuosu communities in Liangshan. Historically living in the highlands of southwest China, the Nuosu are distinguished by their elaborate rituals and clans fostering deep networks of kinship. The fupin campaign described in this study, which is but the most recent in a long history of contacts and conflicts between the Nuosu and the Chinese state, have brought upon dramatic intrusions to Nuosu life, including the forced relocation from highland houses to townhouses and apartments in villages and valleys, the development and construction of rural schools and kindergartens, as well as hygiene campaigns that seek to reform “dirty” Nuosu practices. In this study, I examine how different social actors—specifically, the Nuosu and the cadres tasked with enacting the Chinese state’s policies—appropriate the resources marshaled for the fupin campaign in service of their own ends. I argue that the fupin campaign constitutes a site of overlapping spectacles. For the Nuosu, the economic development and the infrastructure created by fupin provide opportunities to inventively adapt their rituals in new settings and give them a fuller expression. Thus, though it would ostensibly hinder their traditional cultural practices, the Nuosu do not actively resist dislocation but instead embrace it. For the cadres, much of their work consists in paperwork and creating photographic trails for inspections by higher level government officials who were always at the center of state spectacle.