African Swine Fever Virus (ASFV) is the causative agent of African swine fever, a devastating transboundary disease of swine, with morbidity and mortality rates of up to 100%. The virus encodes for at least 150 proteins and can be transmitted by soft ticks of the Ornothodoros genus, direct contact or by fomites and transit of vehicles and personnel between farms. Currently, there are only a limited number of live attenuated vaccines commercially available for ASFV, and the main obstacle to vaccine development is the poor understanding of the virus’ protective antigens. In this study, we generated a library of ten recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) and seven recombinant Orf virus (rORFV) encoding different ASFV proteins. Two animal experiments were conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the recombinant viruses as ASFV vaccine candidates. In study 1, six piglets were immunized with ten rVSV at days 0, 21 and 35, while six piglets were kept as unvaccinated controls. Rectal temperatures of vaccinated animals did not increase post immunization, and no adverse reaction to the vaccine candidates was observed. At day 56 post vaccination (dpv, 0 days post challenge, dpc), animals were challenged with the highly virulent ASFV strain Armenia 07 (Arm07). Both groups of animals presented with fever following vaccination, and there was no difference in clinicals signs and viremia between the groups. By 12 dpc, all animals died. In study 2, six piglets were immunized with a cocktail of seven rORFV and three rVSV at 0 dpv, boosted with ten rVSV at 21 dpv, and again with seven rORFV and three rVSV at 35 dpv. Similar to was observed in study 1, no adverse reactions were noted in vaccinated animals. At 56 dpv (0 dpc), all animals were challenged with ASFV strain Arm07. Overall, the rectal temperatures of vaccinated animals did not increase above the normal range throughout the course of the experiment, while control animals presented with high temperatures starting at 5 dpc. Similarly, control animals showed higher clinical scores and higher viremia levels than vaccinated pigs. Additionally, all control animals died by 14 dpc, while 50% of vaccinated animals survived until the end of the experiment on day 15 pc. These results show that rVSV alone is not sufficient to confer protection in vaccinated animals upon virulent challenge, while the prime-boost rORFV-rVSV-rORFV strategy resulted in lower disease severity and lower viremia titers in vaccinated animals when compared to the control animals. Importantly, the heterologous vaccination protocol provided partial protection against ASFV challenge. In an additional study, we sought to characterize the immunogenicity of four ASFV proteins. For this, pigs were immunized with ORFV recombinants encoding ASFV genes B602L, CP204L, E184L and I73R. ELISA assays showed that the animals produced high antibody titers against ASFV p30, encoded by gene CP204L. We decided to focus on the characterization of this highly immunogenic protein of ASFV. Through pepscan ELISA, we discovered an immunodominant B-cell epitope of 12 amino acids of length (113-NECTSSFETLFE-124) withing the exposed loop of ASFV p30. Sequence analysis showed this epitope is highly conserved among the various ASFV genotypes, making it a good candidate for a differentiating infected from vaccinated animals (DIVA) vaccine marker. Further characterization of p30-directed antibodies demonstrated that they induce antibody dependent cell cytotoxicity (ADCC) and could contribute to clearance of ASFV infected cells. The results of our study provide important insights for the generation of safe and effective ASFV vaccines and contribute to the better understanding of the role of the highly immunogenic ASFV p30 in viral immunity.