The National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research (NIDRR) has recently defined a new paradigm of disability (NIDRR 2000). Under the new paradigm, disability is a deficit in the person-community relationships that should be addressed by social interactions. The goal of the new paradigm is to facilitate the full participation of people with disabilities in society. Implied by the shift are survey research methods that require new approaches to measuring disability in federally funded surveys and new approaches to making surveys accessible to people with disabilities. Mathematica Policy Research, Inc. has gained experience in conducting surveys of people with disabilities through contracts sponsored by the Centers for Medicaid and Medicare Services (CMS) and the Social Security Administration (SSA). This paper synthesizes the major points from these projects, and draws on Mathematica Policy Research Inc.’s broader survey experience to formulate a set of practical recommendations for conducting surveys with people with disabilities.