Amidst the escalating threat of extreme climate change events, there is a pressing global need for decarbonization through electrification powered by renewable energy sources. However, it's crucial to recognize that while electrification represents a significant step forward, it does not offer a universal solution to the challenges arising from fossil-fuel-based economies. At the core of this issue lie systemic problems that demand comprehensive policy revisions to address disparities in accessing cleaner environments and renewable energy. This dissertation delves into the intricate interplay of equity and justice within energy transition policies, particularly at the intersection of urban freight, environment, and health. Through an interdisciplinary case study of the Port of New York and New Jersey, I examine the effects of clean truck policies on environmental health disparities. I conduct analyses of emissions, visualize changes in air quality, evaluate health impacts, and assess policy effectiveness, especially in low-income, minority communities residing near port terminals, who stand to benefit from emissions reductions. My findings reveal that overall air quality has improved since the policy implementation, but the marginal benefit of air quality improvement was smaller for the environmental justice (EJ) communities in New York and New Jersey. These findings emphasize the urgency for energy transition policies to promote equity and justice for overburdened populations more effectively.