Eutypa dieback of grapevines, formerly called “dead arm,” was for many years thought to be caused by the fungus Phomopsis viticola. Recently, however, another fungus, Eutypa armeniacae (imperfect stage: Cytosporina), was shown to cause the cankers and dieback symptoms previously associated with “dead arm.” Eutypa dieback has been reported on grapes from several regions of the world and is also an important disease of apricot. Phomopsis viticola is still recognized as the cause of cane and leaf spot and occasional fruit rot.