Oyster Population Connectivity in Hudson River Estuary
Oyster restoration in Hudson/Raritan Estuary has seen recent successes in terms of growth, survival, and reproduction of installed oysters. However, the oyster life cycle begins with larvae in the plankton for 2-3 weeks. Settlement of larvae onto hard substrates has been minimal and sporadic through most of the estuary. When and where juvenile spat are found, it has been impossible to know whether they originated from restoration parents or the wild remnant Tappan Zee population. This is the usual ‘blind spot’ that all oyster restoration suffers from, making it nearly impossible to assess restoration impact in terms of a fundamental population metric (offspring re-supply), and leaving the black box of population connectivity shut tight. Here, we continue to use spatial spat monitoring to validate predictions of oyster larval dispersal (population connectivity) from a biophysical model. Genomic identification of parental source for each spat, either wild or restoration, further enhances our model validation as well as providing the first empirical estimates of restoration contributions to each annual spat cohort.